Variability of spring durum and common wheat yields in the decade 2009–2018 in the Lublin region

Abstract

The subject of the study was to present results obtained from many years of strict field experiments carried out in 2009–2018 in the Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodity Science at the Felin Experimental Farm (51°22'N, 22°64'E), belonging to the University of Life Sciences in Lublin. Two wheat species were included in the study: Triticum durum – LGR_1359/2 (2009–2012) and ‘SMH87’ (2013–2018) and Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare ‘Parabola’ (2009–2012) and ‘KWS Torridon’ (2013–2018). The yield and quality of durum and common wheat grain were compared. In the years of the study, the yield level of durum wheat in relation to common wheat ranged from 65.1% in 2014 to 83.8% in 2016. The most favourable ratio of durum wheat to common wheat was recorded in the drier years (rainfall shortages in May and June). Higher protein content was recorded in durum wheat grain. On average within the 10-year period the protein content in durum wheat grain was 15.4% and in common wheat grain – 14.1%.