Abstract
Digestibility studies were carried out on the influence of two linseed varieties: traditional (Szafir, high linolenic acid C18:3) and Amon variety (high linoleic acid C18:2) fed in 2
forms (rolled or extruded) on digestibility of the diet of cows fed in the dry and lactation periods. Linseed contained 3 or 6% of the diet dry matter in dry (3rd week previous to parturition) and lactation (10th week after calving) periods, respectively. The study was conducted on Polish Holstein-Friesian cows, 4 heads in each treatment. Apparent digestibility coefficients of diet nutrients, namely total organic matter, total protein, crude fiber, ether extract and nitrogen-free extract were determined. No influence of the investigated linseed varieties on the feed intake or diet digestibility, given both to the dry (3%) and lactating cows (6% diet dry matter), was noted. Also, the form of linseed (rolled or extruded) did not significantly influence the feed intake or digestibility of the organic matter. However, it had an impact on crude protein and crude fiber digestibility when 6% of linseed (lactation period) was fed. Linseed in the rolled form decreased (p ≤ 0.05), whereas linseed extrudate increased (p ≤ 0.05) digestibility coefficients of these nutrients.
References
AOAC, 2005. Official methods of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 18th Edition, Meryland, USA.
Beauchemin K.A., McGinn S.M., Benchaar C., Holtshausen L., 2009. Crushed sunflower, flax or conola seeds in lactating dairy cow diets: Effect on methane production, rumen fermentation,
and milk production. J. Dairy Sci. 92, 2118–2127.
Chilliard Y.F., Glasser F., Ferlay A., Bernard L., Rouel J., Doreau M., 2007. Diet, rumen biohydrogenation and nutritional quality of cow and goat milk fat: A review. Eur. J. Lipid Sci.
Technol. 109, 828–855.
Doreau M., Aurousseau E., Martin C., 2009. Effects of linseed lipids fed as rolled seeds, extruded seeds or oil on organic matter and crude protein digestion in cows. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol.
150, 187–196.
Gilbery T.C., Lardy G.P., Hagberg D.S., Bauer M.L., 2010. Effect of flax inclusion on rumen fermentation, digestion and microbial protein synthesis in growing and finishing diets for
beef cattle. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 161, 1–8.
Gonthier C., Mustafa A.F., Berthiaume R., Petit H.V., Martineau R., Ouellet D.R., 2004. Effects of feeding micronized and extruded flaxseed on ruminal fermentation and nutrient utilization
by dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 87, 1854–1863.
Hess B.W., Moss G.E., Rule D.C., 2008. A decade of development in the area of fat supplementation research with beef cattle and sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 86 (E. Suppl.), E 188–E 204.
IZ PIB–INRA, 2009. Normy żywienia bydła, owiec i kóz. Wartość pokarmowa pasz dla przeżuwaczy. Instytut Zootechniki – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Kraków.
Jalč D., Potkański A., Szumacher-Strabel M., Kowalczyk J., Cieślak A., 2006. The effect of a high concentrate diet and different fat sources on rumen fermentation in vitro. J. Anim. Feed Sci.
15, Suppl. 1, 137–140.
Jenkins T.C., 1993. Symposium: advances in ruminant lipid metabolism. Lipid metabolism in the rumen. J. Dairy Sci. 76, 3851–3863.
Kim C.M., Kim J.H., Oh Y.K., Park E.K., Ahn G.C., Lee G.Y., Lee J.I., Park K.K., 2009. Effects of flaxseed diets on performance, carcass characteristics and fatty acid composition of Hanwoo
steers. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 22, 8, 1151–1159.
Martin C., Rouel J., Jouany J.P., Doreau M., Chilliard Y., 2008. Methane output and diet digestibility in response to feeding dairy cows crude linseed, extruded linseed, or linseed oil. J.
Anim. Sci. 86, 2642–2650.
Micek P., Borowiec F., Marciński M., 2004. Linseed-based diets for sheep. 1. Nutrient digestibility, N retention and rumen fermentation. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 13, 2, 15–18.
Petit H., 2002. Digestion, milk production, milk composition, and blood composition of dairy cows fed whole flaxseed. J. Dairy Sci. 85, 1482–1490.
SAS, 2008. SAS User’s guide: Statistics. SAS for Windows. Release 9.2. SAS Institute Inc., Cary NC.
Suzuki E.Y., Early R.J., 1991. Analysis of chromic oxide in small samples of feds and feces using chlorine bleach. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 71, 931–934.
Szumacher-Strabel M., Cieślak A. Nowakowska A., 2009. Effect of oils rich in linoleic acid on in vitro rumen fermentation parameters of sheep, goats and dairy cows. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 18,
440–452.
Ueda K., Ferlay A., Chabrot J., Loor J.J., Chilliard Y., Doreau M., 2003. Effect of linseed oil supplementation on ruminal digestion in dairy cows fed diets with different forage: concentrate
ratio. J. Dairy Sci. 86, 3999–4007.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
