The purpose of this paper is to present the state of ecological agriculture development in Poland and in Lublin region on the background of European Union countries, and also point to the developing conditions of the Lublin region. Statistic data were used to show the number of ecological farms and cultivation area, which is compiled in tables. The perspectives of ecological agriculture development in Lublin region were characterized by SWOT analysis. The sector of ecological agriculture in Poland is getting more and more important and government subsidies become a very stimulating factor. But unfortunately the lack of strong market for ecological, healthy products, higher prices for ecological goods (about 15–30%) and weak marketing activity are the main barriers hampering future development of ecological agriculture in Poland. Favourable environmental conditions are not enough to think about creating a complex ecological production system in the Lublin region. Unfavourable incomes of people employed out of agriculture as well as low investment and innovative capacity of farmers will be a barrier for ecological agriculture development. There is a need of educational activity growth and some strategies to help in further promotion of ecological production methods as well as financial support for the Lublin region to become an European exporter of ecological food in the future.