Wpływ uproszczonej uprawy roli oraz dolistnego dokarmiania makro- i mikroelementami na plonowanie soi uprawianej w monokulturze
Karol Bujak
Maria Jędruszczak
Mariusz Frant
Abstrakt
The effect of two factors: reduced tillage systems and foliar nutrition on soybean seed and straw yield in monoculture on lessive loess soil (good-wheat agricultural usefulness complex) in 1998–2003, is presented in the paper. The experiment was carried out by a split-block method and replicated three times on plots 35 m2 and 20 m2 for harvest. Tillage treatments: conventional (I) and 3 kinds of reduced ones: without post harvest cultivation (II); chisel+cultivator instead of ploughing and post harvest operations (III); direct drilling (diquat 600 g ha-1 in spring prior to seed drilling) (IV). Foliar application, by 2 l ha-1 of Florosol U (N – 12; P – 1.745; K – 4.981; Mg – 0.12; B – 0.012; Cu – 0.015; Fe – 0.018; Mn – 0.016; Mo – 0.002; Zn – 0.01 in % of mass), was performed twice: at 3–4 true soybean leaf and just after plant flowering. The crop was cultivated under other agrotechnical measures adjusted to its need with elementary (NPK) fertilization. Weeds were controlled by soil herbicides: linuron 450 ml + metrybuzin 210 g ha-1 and in isolated cases (in the 2002), foliar herbicide was used against Echinochloa crus -galli (L.) P. B. – 150 g ha-1 of fluazyfop P-butyl. The highest seed soybean production (2.08 t ha-1) was obtained on conventional tillage treatment (I), and a tendency to a slight yield decrease was observed only (4.8%) in the case of plough tillage before winter (II). However, chisel + cultivator (III) and direct sowing (IV) decreased the yield essentially, by about 10.1% and 26.9%, respectively, in comparison to I and II tillage system. The seed yield obtained under direct drilling (IV) was essentially lower by 23.3% and 18.7% than those obtained from II and III tillage treatments. Two-fold nutrition of soybean plants by macro- and micronutrients substantially, by 10.2%, made the yield higher. Tillage treatments did not influence substantially and clearly the yield of straw; however, the straw production was increased by foliar nutrition of soybean plants. The straw weight amounted to 1.80 to 2.05 t per ha in the consecutive years of research; only in sporadic cases to 1.12 t ha-1 (in 2002). The seed and straw yields were modified by variable weather conditions in the research years.
Licencja
Artykuły są udostępniane na zasadach CC BY 4.0 (do 2020 r. na zasadach CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)..
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Autor podpisuje oświadczenie o oryginalności dzieła, wkładzie poszczególnych osób i źródle finansowania.
Samoarchiwizacja
Czasopismo Agronomy Science przyjęło politykę samoarchiwizacji nazwaną przez bazę Sherpa Romeo drogą niebieską. Od 2021 r. autorzy mogą samoarchiwizować postprinty artykułów oraz wersje wydawnicze (zgodnie z licencją CC BY). Artykuły z lat wcześniejszych (udostępniane na licencji CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) mogą być samoarchiwizowane tylko w wersji wydawniczej.