Abstract
The objective of the experiment was to determine response to simulated drought of 7 Polish soybean cultivars ('Aldana', 'Jutro', 'Polan', 'Progres', 'Mazowia', 'Gaj', 'Nawiko'). The plants were placed in 15% solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG 20000) in Hoagland nutrient medium. Under the influence of induced drought, stomatal conductance of soybean plants was significantly reduced, also cultivar differences were noticed as the drop concerned 'Aldana', 'Jutro', 'Progres' and 'Polan' cvs (on average by 23.0%) to a lesser degree than the remaining ones (av. by 36.2%). Transpiration rate decreased most clearly for 'Nawiko', 'Mazowia' and 'Gaj', on the average by 46.0%. Under drought conditions, a larger leaf area was characteristic of 'Nawiko', 'Gaj' and 'Mazowia' cvs, but in the control, higher value of this characteristic was shown in 'Polan' and 'Gaj' cvs. In reaction to drought stress the highest drop of produced dry weight of shoots and roots was found for 'Jutro', 'Aldana' and 'Progres'. The highest shoot and root weight under drought was produced by 'Nawiko', 'Mazowia', 'Gaj', and 'Polan' cvs. Simultaneously, these cultivars under the conditions of different water uptake indicated a high decrease of stomatal conductance and transpiration and also they were able to produce a larger area of leaves. On this ground it may be stated that from among 7 Polish soybean cultivars, 'Nawiko', 'Mazowia', 'Gaj', and 'Polan' show increased tolerance to drought.
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