The field research was carried out in the years 1998-2000 in an experimental farm Bezek near Chełm, a part of Agricultural University in Lublin. A two-factor field experiment was set up at random bloks method in four replications on light and sandy clay soil. The phosphorus content in the soil was high, potassium medium and magnesium low. The humus content was 1.2%. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of conventional (with a plough) and minimum tillage systems (plough substituted by a cultivator with rigid shares) and two differentiated fertilization and plant protection levels upon grain and straw yield, 1000 grain weight and the structure elements of spring barley ear. Spring barley was cultivated in crop rotation potato–spring barley–winter rye. The results were statistically analyzed by means of variance analysis, and the mean values were estimated with Tukey's confidence intervals (p = 0.05). Intensive fertilization and plant protection levels with retardant application gave a significantly higher yield grain of spring barley, 1000 grain weight, number of ears productivity per 1 m2 in comparison with basic chemicalization levels. Years of investigations significantly differentiated the number of ears productivity, number of sterile shoot, total culm number, length of ear, grain weight of ear, and 1000 grain weight. Cultivation systems and chemicalization levels do not differentiate tte height of spring barley and grain number of ear.