Wpływ konserwującej redlinowej uprawy roli i nawożenia siarka na ocenę plonowania ziemniaka

Hanna Klikocka

Abstrakt

The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of soil tillage operations and sulphur fertilisation on crop productivity and economic effectiveness of potatoes in East Poland. A two-factor field experiment was realized in Malice, a village near Zamosc (50°42' N, 23°15' E) in 2001–2003 with the method of split-plot in four replications, on leached brown soil formed from coarse sand. 36 plots were marked (with an area of 19.5 m-2) which were meant for potato cultivation, Irga cv. The forecrop for potato was spring Triticale. The experiment considered two factors: 3 methods of the soil tillage and 5 methods of sulphur fertilization. The first factor – the conservation ridge methods of soil tillage: A – summer (plough skimming, ridge forming, seeding of white mustard), B – autumn (plough skimming, seeding of white mustard, cultivation, ridge forming) and C – spring (plough skimming, seeding of white mustard). The second factor – rate and form of sulphur fertilization: 1 – Control (without S), 2–25 kg S per ha in form SO₄^2-, 3–25 kg S-elemental per ha, 4–50 kg S per ha in form SO₄^2-, 5–50 kg S-elemental per ha. The highest biological and commercial yield of tubers and the economic results (also the best economic effectiveness index and production costs of 1 ton of potato tuber) was found when ridges were prepared in autumn or summer, and 25 and 50 kg ha^-1 S applied in sulfate and elemental form, respectively. Using the soil tillage with forming ridges in autumn with 50 kg S per ha (elemental and sulfate) and 25 kg S per ha applied in sulfate gave the best financial surplus.