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Tom 22 Nr 1 (2012)

Articles

Uprawa palmy daktylowej w Iraku

Przesłane: lipca 26, 2019
Opublikowane: 2012-06-04

Abstrakt

Palma daktylowa (Phoenix dactylifera L.) jest bardzo ważną uprawą sadowniczą w większości krajów arabskich. Jest związana historycznie z życiem codziennym i tradycją narodów starego świata, jako jedna z najważniejszych roślin uprawnych. Spośród 120 mln palm daktylowych uprawianych w różnych krajach, 70% rośnie w krajach arabskich, które zapewniają 67% światowej produkcji daktyli. Bardzo ważnym producentem tych owoców jest Irak. Przez ostatnie 50 lat w Iraku plantacje palmy daktylowej ulegały degradacji spowodowanej nadmierną eksploatacją, uwarunkowaną szybkim wzrostem populacji ludzi i zwierząt. Choroby i szkodniki powodowały straty sięgające 30% plonów. Czynniki techniczne i socjoekonomiczne przyczyniły się również do zmniejszenia produkcji daktyli. Proponowane są konkretne sposoby wstrzymania procesu degradacji upraw palmy daktylowej oraz wzmocnienia tej gałęzi ogrodnictwa poprzez doskonalenie technologii uprawy, zbioru owoców, a także przetwarzania i marketingu daktyli w Iraku i innych krajach arabskich.

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