A field research was carried out in the years 1994-1999 at a farm Bezek near Chełm, a part of Agricultural University in Lublin. The influence of three tillage methods: conventional, minimum tillage and zero tillage on the air dry weight of roots (from 0–30 cm soil layer) and postharvest residues of winter wheat cultivated in crop rotation horse bean-winter wheat-spring barley was estimated in the field experiment on the rendzina soil. The experimental plot area was 66 m2 (to harvest 40 m2). The spring barley cultivar Rudzik drilled in number 5 mln grain per hectare. The stubble and bedding weight after harvest was estimated on every plot in two randomly selected places on 400 cm2 area. The root mass was determined after harvest by means of a steel cylinder of 400 cm2 down to 30 cm, dividing them into the following layers: 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm. The roots were rinsed with running water with about 1 mm diameter mesh sieve, then they were dried and weighed. It was stated that before harvest winter wheat accumulated significantly higher air dry matter of roots in 0–10 cm surface layer on rendzina soil than the deeper layers (10–20 cm and 20–30 cm). In 1995 winter wheat producted bigger root mass as against the others years of investigation. Tillage systems do not differentiate the air-dry mass of roots and stubble and bedding of winter wheat. A tendency to a bigger mass of stubble and bedding of winter wheat was found for conventional tillage and not minimum tillage. Conventional tillage in comparison to minimum tillage increased the mass of winter wheat post harvest residues.