The Influence of the kind of utilization and fertilization level on the flora of the mountain grasslands was determined in the study consisting of two experiments. The studies were carried out in 1999–2002 on permanent grassland in Czarny Potok near Krynica (at the altitude of
650 m). Three fertilization variants and one control were taken into account in the experiments (I – cut, II – pastured). The most varied floristic composition of the sward was observed under twofold utilization. In this sward three were more significant species than in the utilized pasture. More frequent utilization of the sward readily revealed competitive power between species, which resulted in the limited development of many grasses of low utilization value to the advantage of valuable grasses like: Festuca pratensis Huds., Dactylis glomerata L. and Poa pratensis L. Lack of utilization was the factor which caused the biggest degradation of forage value of mountain grasslands. After four years without utilization the sward was in 83% controlled by persistent weed Deschampsia caespitosa L.