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Agronomy Science Baner text

Vol. 80 No. 1 (2025)

Articles

Genetic and phenotypic variability of spring common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines with high breeding potential

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/as.2025.5470
Submitted: January 14, 2025
Published: 19.05.2025

Abstract

Genetic diversity and phenotypic variability of 38 spring wheat lines from Plant Breeding Strzelce Sp. z o.o., IHAR Group was evaluated in this paper. The highest genetic distance based on the polymorphism of SNP markers was observed between the STH_12 and STH_37 breeding lines (0.579) and for silicoDArT markers between the STH_1 and STH_33 breeding lines (0.728). Structure analysis using Bayesian clustering method showed the presence of three genetically separate groups (K = 3) based on the segregation of SNP alleles and six separate groups (K = 6) based on the segregation of silicoDArT alleles. The highest variability coefficient among the analyzed useful traits was demonstrated by grain yield per plot (18.0%) and heading date (17.5%). Analysis of variance (AMOVA) showed significant differences in the mean values of heading date, hectoliter weight and number of grains per spike between the groups to which the studied breeding lines were assigned based on the population structure analysis using both marker types.

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