Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
ASPHC Baner

Vol. 20 No. 4 (2021)

Articles

Gamze Kaya GERMINATION, STOMATAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF ROCKET (Eruca sativa L.) TO SALINITY

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2021.4.12
Submitted: February 18, 2020
Published: 2021-08-31

Abstract

The response of rocket (Eruca sativa L.) to salinity stress was tested for several germination and physiological parameters during seedling development. Two rocket cultivars (Ilıca and Istanbul) and various salinity stresses of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 dS m–1 created by NaCl were used in the study. Germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI), germination stress tolerance index (GSTI), stomata morphology, chlorophyll content (SPAD value), leaf dry matter, relative water content (RWC), cellular injury (CI) and cell membrane stability (CMS) were evaluated. Results showed that high salinity stresses led to a decrease in GP, GI and GSTI index, while MGT increased. Salinity reduced stoma length and pore length. Under saline conditions, leaf dry matter, chlorophyll content and CMS increased, while RWC decreased. Also, CI was enhanced by salinities over 10 dS m–1. It was concluded that lower CMS, CI and RWC, and greater dry matter and chlorophyll were considered as salinity tolerance at the seedling stage of the rocket, and Istanbul was more tolerant to salinity than Ilıca.

References

  1. Aflaki, F., Sedghi, M., Pazuki, A., Pessarakli, M. (2017). Investigation of seed germination indices for early selection of salinity tolerant genotypes: A case study in wheat. Emir. J. Food Agric., 29, 222–226. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2016-12-1940
  2. Ashraf, M. (1994). Organic substances responsible for salt tolerance in Eruca sativa. Biol. Plant., 36, 255–259. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02921095
  3. Ashraf, M., McNeilly, T. (2004). Salinity tolerance in Brassica oilseeds. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., 23, 157–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352680490433286
  4. Ashraf, M., Ali, Q. (2008). Relative membrane permeability and activities of some antioxidant enzymes as the key determinants of salt tolerance in canola (Brassica napus L.). Environ. Exp. Bot., 63, 266–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2007.11.008
  5. Bagum, S.A., Billah, M., Hossain, N., Aktar, S., Uddin, M.S. (2017). Detection of salt tolerant hybrid maize as germination indices and seedling growth performance. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 23, 793–798.
  6. Bajji, M., Kinet, J.M., Lutts, S. (2001). The use of the electrolyte leakage method for assessing cell membrane stability as a water stress tolerance test in durum wheat. Plant Growth Regul., 36, 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014732714549
  7. Bianco, V.V., Boari, F. (1996). Up-to-date developments on wild rocket cultivation. In: Rocket: A Mediterranean Crop for the World. Report of a Workshop, Legnaro (Italy) 13–14 December 1996, Padulosi S., Pignone D. (eds.). International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, 41–49.
  8. De Villieres, A.J., von Teichman, I., van Rooyen, M.W., Theron, G.K. (1996). Salinity. Induced changes in anatomy, stomatal counts and photosynthetic rate of Atriplex semibaccata R. Br. South Afr. J. Bot., 62, 270–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6299(15)30656-6
  9. Eker, S., Cömertpay, G., Konuşkan, Ö., Ülger, A.C., Öztürk, L., Çakmak, İ. (2006). Effect of salinity stress on dry matter production and ion accumulation in hybrid maize varieties. Turk. J. Agric. For., 30, 365–373.
  10. Fahad, S., Bajwa, A.A., Nazir, U., Anjum, S.A., Farooq, A., Zohaib, A., Sadia, S., Nasim, W., Adkins, S., Saud, S., Ihsan, M.Z., Alharby, H., Wu, C., Wang, D., Huang, J. (2017). Crop production under drought and heat stress: plant responses and management options. Front. Plant Sci., 8, 1147. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01147
  11. Farooq, S., Azam, F. (2006). The use of cell membrane stability (CMS) technique to screen for salt tolerant wheat varieties. J. Plant Physiol., 163, 629–637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2005.06.006
  12. Gulen, H., Eris, A. (2003). Some physiological changes in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa ‘Camarosa’) plants under heat stress. J. Hortic. Sci. Biotech., 76, 894–898. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2003.11511715
  13. Hniličková, H., Hnilička, F., Martinková, J., Kraus, K. (2017). Effects of salt stress on water status, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of rocket. Plant Soil Environ., 63, 362–367. https://doi.org/10.17221/398/2017-PSE
  14. Jaleel, C.A., Sankar, B., Sridharan, R., Panneerselvam, R. (2008). Soil salinity alters growth, chlorophyll content, and secondary metabolite accumulation in Catharanthus roseus. Turk. J. Biol., 32, 79–83.
  15. Jungklang, J. (2018). Effects of sodium chloride on germination, growth, relative water content, and chlorophyll, proline, malondialdehyde and vitamin C contents in Chinese white radish seedlings (Raphanus sativus L. var. longipinnatus Bailey). Maejo Int. J. Sci. Technol., 12, 89–100.
  16. Jesus, C.G., Silva, F.J.Jr., Camara, T.R., Silva, E.F.F., Willadino, L. (2015). Production of rocket under salt stress in hydroponic systems. Hortic. Bras., 33, 493–497. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620150000400014
  17. Katsarou, D., Omirou, M., Liadaki, K., Tsikou, D., Delis, C., Garaqou­nis, C., Krokida, A., Zambounis, A., Papadopoulou, K.K. (2016). Glucosinolate biosynthesis in Eruca sativa. Plant Physiol. Biochem., 109, 452–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.10.024
  18. Kaya, M.D., Kaya, G., Kolsarıcı, Ö. (2005). Effects of NaCl concentration on germination and emergence some Brassica species. J. Agric. Sci., 11, 448–452.
  19. Khoobchandani, M., Ojeswi, B.K., Ganesh, N., Srivastava, M.M., Gabbanini, S., Matera, R., Iori, R., Valgimigli, L. (2010). Antimi­crobial properties and analytical profile of traditional Eruca sativa seed oil: Comparison with various aerial and root plant extracts. Food Chem., 120, 217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.10.011
  20. Lutts, S., Kinet, J.M., Bouharmont, J. (1996). NaCl-induced senescence in leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars differing in salinity resistance. Ann. Bot., 78, 389–398.
  21. Mbarki, S., Sytar, O., Zivcak, M., Abdelly, C., Cerda, A., Brestic, M. (2018). Anthocyanins of coloured wheat genotypes in specific response to salstress. Molecules, 23, 1518. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071518
  22. Orsinia, F., Alnayefa, M., Bonab, S., Maggioc, A., Gianquintoa, G. (2012). Low stomatal density and reduced transpiration facilitate strawberry adaptation to salinity. Environ. Exp. Bot., 81, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2012.02.005
  23. Saeed, R., Mirza, S., Ahmad, R. (2014). Electrolyte leakage and relative water content as affected by organic mulch in okra plant (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) grown under salinity. Fuuast J. Biol., 4, 221–227
  24. Saleh, B. (2012). Effect of salt stress on growth and chlorophyll content of some cultivated cotton varieties grown in Syria. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 43, 1976–1983. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2012.693229
  25. Salehzade, H., Shishvan, M.I., Ghiyasi, M., Forouzin, F., Siyahjani, A.A. (2009). Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Res. J. Biol. Sci., 4, 629–631.
  26. Santos, R.S.S., Dias, N.S., Duarte, S.N., Lima, C.J.G.S. (2012). Use of brackish water in the production of rocket cultivated in coconut fiber substrate. Rev. Caatinga, 25, 113–118. https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n424rc
  27. Schiattonea, M.I., Candidoa, V., Cantoreb, V., Montesanob, F.F., Boarib, F. (2017). Water use and crop performance of two wild rocket genotypes under salinity conditions. Agric. Water Manag., 194, 214–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2017.09.009
  28. Solmaz, İ., Sari, N., Dasgan, Y., Aktas, H., Yetisir, H., Unlu, H. (2011). The effect of salinity on stomata and leaf characteristics of dihaploid melon lines and their hybrids. J. Food Agric. Environ., 9, 172–176.
  29. Süß, A., Danner, M., Obster, C., Locherer, M., Hank, T., Richter, K. (2015). Measuring leaf chlorophyll content with the Konica Minolta SPAD-502Plus-theory, measurement, problems, interpretation. EnMAP Field Guides Technical Report, GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.2312/enmap.2015.010
  30. Taïbi, F., Abderrahim, L.A., Ennajah, A., Belkhodja, M., Mulet, J.M. (2016). Effect of salt stress on growth, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence systems in Phaseolus vulgaris L. South Afr. J. Bot., 105, 306–312.
  31. Toscano, S., Romano, D., Tribulato, A., Patane, C. (2017). Effects of drought stress on seed germination of ornamental sunflowers. Acta Physiol. Plant., 39, 184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-017-2484-8
  32. Urlic, B., Dumicic, G., Ban, S.G. (2014). Zinc and sulfur effects on growth and nutrient concentrations in rocket. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 45, 1831–1839. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2014.909829
  33. Urlic, B., Dumicic, G., Romic, M., Ban, S.G. (2017). The effect of N and NaCl on growth, yield, and nitrate content of salad rocket (Eruca sativa Mill.). J. Plant Nutr., 40, 2611–2618. https://doi.org/0.1080/01904167.2017.1381122
  34. Ziaf, K., Amjad, M., Pervez, M.A., Iqbal, Q., Rajwana, I.A., Ayyub, M. (2009). Evaluation of different growth and physiological traits as indices of salt tolerance in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Pak. J. Bot., 41, 1797–1809.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.