SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LEMON BALM (Melissa officinalis L.) VARIETIES TO SEPTORIA LEAF SPOT (Septoria melissae Desm.) IN HUNGARY
Gergő Kovács
Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Szent István University, H-1118 Budapest, Villányi 29-43, HungaryÉva Zámbori-Németh
Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Szent István University, H-1118 Budapest, Villányi 29-43, HungaryGéza Nagy
Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, National Food Chain Safety Office, H-1118 Budapest, Budaörsi 141-145, HungaryAbstract
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is a widely cultivated plant in Europe. Septoria melissae Desm. is the most important pathogen of lemon balm crops, which may cause serious yield loss by the severe leaf fall. As chemical control of the pathogen is restricted, alternative plant protection methods, like the use of tolerant varieties, should be taken under consideration. The goal of our work was to evaluate the susceptibility of three lemon balm varieties to Septoria leaf spot in field. The trials were carried out in 2016 and 2017 in Budapest-Soroksár, Hungary. Dynamics of infection showed characteristic sharp increase from the beginning of August in both years. The lowest infection levels were observed in cultivar ‘Lemona’. The disease incidence in the middle of August was 19% in the first year and 59% in the second year, while these values were over 40% and 70% in the other cultivars ‘Soroksári’ and ‘Quedlinburger Niederliegende’, respectively. The manifestation of symptomps was also significantly lighter on the ‘Lemona’ plants and they had the highest ratio of healthy leaves (81%) compared to the other cultivars. According to the data, weather conditions might modify the range of the differences among the cultivars. It was concluded that appropriate selection of varieties could be an effective and enviromental friendly plant protection method in the practice of lemon balm cultivation.
Keywords:
Melissa officinalis, Septoria melissae, Septoria leafspot, cultivars, susceptibilityReferences
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Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Szent István University, H-1118 Budapest, Villányi 29-43, Hungary
Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Szent István University, H-1118 Budapest, Villányi 29-43, Hungary
Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, National Food Chain Safety Office, H-1118 Budapest, Budaörsi 141-145, Hungary
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