THE EFFECT OF CARBON SOURCE IN CULTURE MEDIUM ON MICROPROPAGATION OF COMMON NINEBARK (Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.) ‘Diable D’or’
Agnieszka Ilczuk
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGWKatarzyna Jagiełło-Kubiec
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGWEwelina Jacygrad
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGWAbstract
Efficient plant micropropagation depends upon a number of factors one of which is the type and concentration of exogenously supplied carbon sources in the medium. This study tested several different sugars as carbon source on the efficiency of shoot proliferation and in vitro rooting of common ninebark (Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.). Fructose, glucose, maltose and sucrose were tested at concentration ranging from 0–50 g dm-3. The dry matter content, reducing sugars and sucrose in shoots were related to sugar concentrations in the medium and so was the rate of adventitious root formation. Sucrose did not stimulate shoot proliferation and glucose was completely ineffective in rooting induction. The highest number of shoots was produced on the
fructose-containing medium. The concentration of 30 g dm-3 appeared to be optimal; the rate of proliferation at 30 and 40 g dm-3 were in fact similar, but the former produced a more favorable shoot length. The number of adventitious roots produced per shoot increased with increasing fructose concentration up to 30 g dm-3. Fructose can be therefore recommended as the best C-source for the in vitro shoot proliferation and rooting in common ninebark.
Keywords:
carbohydrate, fructose, glucose, maltose, sucrose, in vitroReferences
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Sinclair J.W., Byrne D.H., 2003. Improvement of peach embryo culture through manipulation of carbohydrate source and pH. Hort. Sci., 38, (4), 582–585.
Sivanesan I., Murugesan K., 2008. An efficient regeneration from nodal explants of Withania somnifera Dunal. Asian J. Plant Sci., 7, (6), 551–556.
Steinitz B., 1999. Sugar alcohols display non-osmotic roles in regulating morphogenesis and metabolism in plants that do not produce polyols as primary photosynthetic products. J. Plant Physiol., 155, 1–8.
Stoop J.M.H., Pharr D.M., 1993. Effect of different carbon sources on relative growth rate, internal carbohydrates, and mannitol 1-oxidoreductase activity in celery suspension cultures. Plant
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Strzelecka H., Kamieńska J., Kowalski J., Wawelska E., 1982. Chemiczne metody badań roślinnych surowców leczniczych. PZWL, Warszawa, 131–132.
Thompson M., Thorpe T., 1987. Metabolic and non-metabolic roles of carbohydrates. In: Cell and tissue culture in forestry. Eds. Bong J.M., Durzan D.J., Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, 89–112.
Thorpe T.A., 1982. Carbohydrate utilization and metabolism. In: Tissue culture in forestry. Eds. Bonga J.M., Durzan D.J., Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 325–368.
Bianco L.R., Rieger M., 2002. Roles of sorbitol and sucrose in growth and respiration of Encore peaches at the three developmental stages. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 127, (2), 297–302.
Chen Y., Lin S., Dujuid S., Dribnenki P., Kenasehuk E., 2003. Effect of sucrose concentration on elongation of shoots from Flax anther cultures. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 72, 181–183.
Da Silva J.A.T., 2004. The effect of carbon source on in vitro organogenensis of Chrysanthemum thin cell layers. Bragantia Campinas., 63, (2), 165–177.
De Klerk G.J.M., Calamar A., 2002. Effect of sucrose on adventitious root regeneration in apple. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 70, 207–212.
De Neto V.B.P., Otoni W.C., 2003. Carbon sources and their osmotic potential in plant tissue culture: does it matter? Sci. Hort., 97, 193–202.
Dennis D.T., Greyson M.F., 1987. Fructose – 6 phosphate metabolism in plants. Physiol. Plant. 69, 395–404.
Eliasson L., Brunes L., 1980. Light effect on root formation in aspen and willow cuttings. Physiol. Plant., 48, (2), 261–265.
Fuentes S.R.L., Calbeiros M.B.P., Manetti-Filho J., Vieira L.G.E., 2000. The effects of silver nitrate and different carbohydrate sources on somatic embryogenesis in Coffea canephora. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult., 60, 5–13.
Gabryszewska E. 2011. Effect of various levels of sucrose, nitrogen salts and temperature on the growth and development of Syringa vulgaris L. shoots. J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res. 19(2) 2011, 133–148.
Goerge E.F., 1993. Somatic embryogenesis: cell biological aspects. Acta Bot. Neerl., 43, 1–14.
Haissig B.E., 1984. Carbohydrate accumulation and partitioning in Pinus banksiana seedlings and seeding cuttings. Physiol. Plant., 61, 13–19.
Haque M.S., Wada T., Hattori K., 2003. Effects of sucrose, mannitol and KH2PO4 on root tip derived shoots and subsequent bulblet formation in garlic. J. Asian Plant Sci., 2, (12), 903–908.
Kozai T., 1991. Micropropagation under photoautotrophic conditions. In: Micropropagation: technology and application. Eds. P. C. Debergh and R. H. Zimmerman. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 447–469.
Kromer K., Gamian A., 2000. Analysis of soluble carbohydrates, proteins and lipids in shoots of M-7 apple rootstock cultured in vitro during regeneration of adventitious roots. J. Plant Physiol., 156, 775–782.
Lemos E.E.P., Baker D.A., 1998. Shoot regeneration in response to carbon source on internodal explants of Annona muricata L. J. Plant Growth Regul., 25, (2), 105–112.
Li M.S., Leung D.W.M., 2000. Starch accumulation is associated with adventitious root formation in hypocotyls cuttings of Pinus radiata. J. Plant Growth Regul., 19, 423–428.
Moing A., Carbonne F., Rashad M.H., Jean-Pierre G., 1992. Carbon fluxes in mature peach leaves. Plant Physiol., 100, 1878–1884.
Mosaleeyanon K., Sha-Um S., Kirdmanadee C., 2004. Enhanced growth and photosynthesis of rain tree (Samanea saman Merr.) plantlets in vitro under a CO2- enriched condition with decreased
sucrose concentrations in the medium. Sci. Hort., 103, 51–63.
Murashige T., Skoog F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant., 15, 473–497.
Nelson N., 1944. A photometric adaption of the Somogyi method for the determination of glucose. J. Biol. Chem., 153, 375–380.
Oka S., Ohyama K., 1982. Sugar utilization in mulberry (Morus alba) bud culture. In: Plant tissue culture. Eds. Fujiwara A. Proc. 5th Int. Congr. Plant Tissue Cell Culture, Jap. Assoc. Plant Tissue
Cult., Japan, Tokyo, 67–68.
Pacholczak A., Szydło W., 2008. Effect of ammonium zinc acetate on rooting of stem cuttings in Phycocarpus opulifolius. Ann. Warsaw Univ. of Life Sci. – SGGW, Horticult. and Landsc. Architect., 29, 59–64.
Pacholczak A., Szydło W., Pijus J., 2010. Effect of Asahi SL preparation on rhizogenesis in stem cuttings of Physocarpus opulifolius ‘Dart’s Gold’ and ‘Diabolo’. Ann. of Warsaw Uni. of Life Sci. – SGGW, Horticult. and Landsc. Architect., 31, 11–17.
Pritchard J., Wyn-Jones R.G., Tornos A.D., 1991. Turgor, growth and rheological gradients in wheat roots following osmotic stress. J. Exp. Bot., 42, 1043–1049.
Pua E.C., Chong C., 1984. Requirement for sorbitol (D-glucitol) as carbon source for in-vitro propagation of Malus robusta. Can. J. Bot., 62, (5), 1545–1549.
Rolland F., Baena-Gonzalez E., Sheen J. 2006. Sugar Sensing and Signaling in Plants: Conserved and Novel Mechanisms. Ann. Rev. Plant Biol. 57, 675–709.
Sinclair J.W., Byrne D.H., 2003. Improvement of peach embryo culture through manipulation of carbohydrate source and pH. Hort. Sci., 38, (4), 582–585.
Sivanesan I., Murugesan K., 2008. An efficient regeneration from nodal explants of Withania somnifera Dunal. Asian J. Plant Sci., 7, (6), 551–556.
Steinitz B., 1999. Sugar alcohols display non-osmotic roles in regulating morphogenesis and metabolism in plants that do not produce polyols as primary photosynthetic products. J. Plant Physiol., 155, 1–8.
Stoop J.M.H., Pharr D.M., 1993. Effect of different carbon sources on relative growth rate, internal carbohydrates, and mannitol 1-oxidoreductase activity in celery suspension cultures. Plant
Physiol., 103, 1001–1008.
Strzelecka H., Kamieńska J., Kowalski J., Wawelska E., 1982. Chemiczne metody badań roślinnych surowców leczniczych. PZWL, Warszawa, 131–132.
Thompson M., Thorpe T., 1987. Metabolic and non-metabolic roles of carbohydrates. In: Cell and tissue culture in forestry. Eds. Bong J.M., Durzan D.J., Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, 89–112.
Thorpe T.A., 1982. Carbohydrate utilization and metabolism. In: Tissue culture in forestry. Eds. Bonga J.M., Durzan D.J., Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 325–368.
Agnieszka Ilczuk
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW
Katarzyna Jagiełło-Kubiec
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW
Ewelina Jacygrad
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW
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