Ontogenesis of Apera spica-venti in winter triticale

Abstract

The results of investigations carried out between 1997 and 2000 on growth stages of Apera spica-venti in winter rye plantations are presented in the paper. Various methods of presowing cultivation of soil (using plough and cultivator) and diverse doses of nitrogen (50 kg N ^. ha^-1 and 150 kg N ^. ha^-1) were applied. Meteorological conditions had a strong influence on the development of the studied species in each year of the experiment. Particular individuals in Apera spicaventi population had a different pace of growth and development in advantageous vegetation conditions. Replacement of plough cultivation using a cultivator resulted in decrease of intensity of Apera spica-venti germination however, a larger number of individuals reached full vegetation phase (BBCH 30 – 45) and seed maturity phase (BBCH 80 – 89) using cultivator; however, only the effect of the method of cultivation on the number of individuals, reaching full vegetation phase was statistically proved.

Both germination and reaching more advanced development phases proceeded more intensively in conditions of high nitrogen fertilization; however, the differences were not significant statistically.