Wpływ nawożenia organicznego i mineralnego na jakość przetwórczą korzeni buraka cukrowego

Abstrakt

The effect of organic (farmyard manure, rye straw, green manures from post-harvest residues and the whole underplant catch crop biomass of a mixture of red clover and Italian ryegrass, with and without straw) as well as mineral fertilization on the technological quality of sugar beet roots, was determined in the research which was carried out in the years 1993-1996. In the paper, the effect of farmyard manure was compared to the effect of straw and green manures, and the yield and quality of sugar beet roots in dependence on those effects were determined. The field experiment was established in the split-plot design in three replications. The following characteristics were investigated: the amount of macroelements accumulated in the mass of organic fertilizers, the yield of sugar beet roots, the content of sugar, soluble ash and treacle-producing elements in sugar beet roots, the proportion of deformed roots in the yield. The largest amount of organic matter and macroelements was supplied into the soil together with the whole biomass of the underplant catch crop with an addition of straw and the smallest - only with straw. The organic fertilization of sugar beet in most cases increased the content of sugar, soluble ash and treacle-producing elements and reduced the proportion of deformed roots in the yield. As the fertilization increased, the technological quality of sugar beet roots deteriorated. The harvest residues of the mixture of red clover and Italian ryegrass in the combination with and without straw substituted farmyard manure in the sugar beet cultivation without the root yield reduction and deterioration of the technological quality of roots.