Abstract
The research aimed at analysis of the influence of selected crop components on the yield of winter wheat cultivars as depending on the mode of tillage in conditions of early sowing. Experiments were carried out in the years 2004–2006 at the Agricultural Experimental Station, Institute of Cultivation, Fertilization and Soil Science, Jelcz-Laskowice, on good rye complex soil. There were applied two systems of cultivation: conventional plough tillage and ploughless tillage. The experiment was carried out with the method of randomized blocks in four replications. The research results concern the yields of winter wheat cultivars Finezja, Rywalka, Kobiera, Satyna, Bogatka and Zawisza. Each 30 m2 plot was separated into two 15 m2 treatments in which there were assessed: yield of grain, number of ears per a square meter, height of plants, number and weight of grain from an ear and weight of 1000 grains. The influence of yield components on yielding of winter wheat in conditions of the two extreme systems of cultivation was assessed with the method of path analysis. On the grounds of the analysis one can state that in the treatments with simplified tillage as well as plough tillage the important influence on the yield of winter wheat cultivars was exerted by the weight of grain and number of grains from an ear. In result of significant interdependence the yield components mentioned above should be considered jointly to determine their influence on the grain yield in conditions of simplified tillage and plough tillage.
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