Agronomy Science, przyrodniczy lublin, czasopisma up, czasopisma uniwersytet przyrodniczy lublin
Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Agronomy Science Baner text

Vol. 69 No. 2 (2014)

Articles

Impact of plant density on the canopy area index and weed infestation depending on different cultivars of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L., ssp. oleifera Metzg.)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/as.2014.2.5
Submitted: May 22, 2019
Published: 2014-06-22

Abstract

One way to increase the competitiveness of crop plants against weed infestation is to adjust crop density. Introduction of new (“semi-dwarf”) cultivars of winter oilseed rape triggers a need for research in this field. A two-factor experiment evaluated the effect of plant density and winter oilseed rape (WOSR) cultivars on the canopy architecture and weed infestation of a WOSR crop as well as on the correlation between these traits. During the 2010–2012 study period, the average plant density was 38.0; 29.4; and 22.9 plants m-2 (three row spacings were used: 33, 44, and 55 cm). The oilseed rape cultivars were as follows: conventional, hybrid and “semi-dwarf” hybrid. Experimental factors did not cause significant differences in the number of weeds and their mass. However, there was a clear trend of decreasing total number of weeds in the span of 33 cm spacing than in the 44 and 55 cm. Hybrid cultivar resulted in increasing of total number of weeds in comparison to the conventional one. The differences in the assimilation area of WOSR plants per unit of ground area were significant between row spacings until the end of the flowering stage and between cultivars until the flower bud development stage. During the growth stages from the beginning of flowering until the end of pod development significant negative correlations were found between the assimilation area and the number of weeds, while the correlations between the assimilation area and the weed weight were insignificant. Insignificant correlations also occurred between the number of oilseed rape plants per unit area and the mass of weeds. The results indicate the possibility of reducing the demand for seed sowing, without requiring additional costs for weed control.

 

References

  1. Andrews A.K., Svec’ L.V., 1975. Photosynthetic activity of soyabean pods at different growth stages compared to leaves. Can. J. Plant Sci. 55, 501–505.
  2. Andruszczak S., Kwiecińska-Poppe, E., Kraska P., Pałys E., 2012. The influence of some plant protection chemical means on leaf area and their tip angle of some winter spelt wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta L.). Prog. Plant Prot. 52(1), 163–166.
  3. Atkins C.A., Kuo J., Pate S., 1977. Photosynthetic pod wall of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Plant Physiol. 60, 779–786.
  4. Balodis O., Gaile Z., 2010. Impact of some agroekological factors on winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plant density. In: Proceedings 2010 16th International Scientific Conference on the Research for Rural Development, 35–41.
  5. Behrens T, Diepenbrock W., 2006. Using hemispherical radiation measurements to predict weight-related growth traits in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) canopies. J. Agron. Crop. Sci. 192, 465–474.
  6. Cao H., Zhang C., Li G., Zhang B., Zhao S., Wang B., Jin Z., Zhu D., Zhu J., Wei X., 2009. Researches of optimum LAI dynamic models for rape (Brassica napus L.). In:Computer and computing technologies in agriculture II, vol. 3, D. Li, Z. Chunjiang (eds.), International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP), vol. 295, Springer, Boston), 1585–1594.
  7. Ciampitti I.A., Vyn T.J., 2011. A comprehensive study of plant density consequences on nitrogen uptake dynamics of maize plants from vegetative to reproductive stages. Field Crop Res. 121, 2–18.
  8. Fang H., Liang S., 2008. Leaf area index models. In: Encyclopedia of ecology, 2139–2148.
  9. Feledyn-Szewczyk B., 2009. Comparison of the competitiveness of modern and old winter wheat cultivars in relation to weeds. J. Res. Appl. Agric. Eng. 54(3), 60¬–67.
  10. Gabrielle B., Denoroy P., Gosse G., Justes E., Andersen M.N., 1998. A model of leaf area development and senescence for winter oilseed rape. Field Crop Res. 57, 209–222.
  11. Hirose T., Ackerly D. D., Traw M.B., Ramseier D., Bazzaz F.A., 1997. CO2 elevation, canopy photosynthesis, and optimal leaf area index. Ecology 78(8), 2339–2350.
  12. Jaśkiewicz B., 2007. The leaf area index (LAI) of winter triticale depending on plant density and NPK fertilization. Acta Agrophysica 10(2), 373–382.
  13. Jullien A., Allirand J.M., Mathieu A., Andrieu B., Ney B., 2009. Variations in leaf mass per area according to N nutrition, plant age, and leaf position reflect ontogenetic plasticity in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Field Crop Res. 114, 188–197.
  14. Jun L., ChunLei Z., Ni M., Liping Y., Ying Ch., Ling L., 2012. Effects of ABA on photosynthetic characteristics of pods and yield of Brassica napus. Agric. Sci. Tech. – Hunan 13(4), 760–762.
  15. Kulig B., Oleksy A., Pyziak K., Styrc N., Staroń J., 2012. The effect of habitat conditions on the yield and size of selected vegetation indices of the restored cultivars of winter rape. Fragm. Agron. 29(1), 83–92.
  16. Kwiatkowski C.A., Gawęda D., Drabowicz M., Haliniarz M., 2012. Effect of diverse fertilization, row spacing and sowing rate on weed infestation and yield of winter oilseed rape. Acta Sci. Pol., Agricultura, 11(4), 53–63.
  17. Leach J.E., Stevenson H.J., Rainbow A.J., Mullen L.A., 1999. Effects of high plant populations on the growth and yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). J. Agric. Sci. 132, 173–180.
  18. Lepiarczyk A., Kulig B., Stępnik K., 2005. The inflence of simplified soil cultivation and forecrop on the development LAI of selected cultivars of winter wheat in cereal crop rotation. Fragm. Agron. 86(2), 98–105.
  19. Lins R.D., Boerboom C.M., 2002. Effect of soybean row spacing on weed competition. In: Proceedings 2002 Wisconsin Fertilizer, Aglime, and Pest Management Conference, Madison, WI, USA.
  20. López-Bellido F.J., López-Bellido L., López-Bellido R.J., 2005. Competition, growth and yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Eur. J. Agron. 23, 359–378.
  21. Lutman P.J.W., 1992. Prediction of the competitive effects of weeds on the yield of several spring-sown arable crops. In: Proceedings 1992 9th International Symposium on the Biology of Weeds, Dijon, France, 337–345.
  22. Lutman P.J.W., Bowerman P., Palmer G.M., Whytock G.P., 2000. Prediction of competition between oilseed rape and Stellaria media. Weed Res. 40, 255–269.
  23. Momoh E.J.J., Zhou W., 2001. Growth and yield responses to plant density and stage of transplanting in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). J. Agron. Crop Sci. 186, 253–259.
  24. Primot S., Valantin-Morison M., Makowski D., 2006. Predicting the risk of weed infestation in winter oilseed rape crops. Weed Res. 46, 22–33.
  25. Różyło K., Pałys E., 2011. Influence of crop rotation and row spacing on weed infestation of winter rape grown on rendzina soil. Acta Sci. Pol., Agricultura, 10(1), 57–64.
  26. Sartorato I., Berti A., Zanin G., 1996. Estimation of economic thresholds for weed control in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Crop Prot. 15, 63–68.
  27. Seassau C., Dechamp-Guillaume G., Mestries E., Debaeke P., 2012. Low plant density can reduce sunflower premature ripening caused by Phoma macdonaldii. Eur. J. Agron. 43, 185–193.
  28. Singal H.R., Talwar G., Dua A., Singh R., 1995. Pod photosynthesis and seed dark CO2 fixation support oil synthesis in developing Brassica seeds. J. Biosci. 20, 49–58.
  29. Wang X., Mathieu A., Cournčde P.H., Allirand J.M., Jullien A., Reffye P., Zhang B.G., 2011. Variability and regulation of the number of ovules, seeds and pods according to assimilate availability in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Field Crop Res. 122, 60–69.
  30. Welles J. M., Cohen S., 1996. Canopy structure measurement by gap fraction analysis using commercial instrumentation. J. Exp. Bot. 47, 1335–1342.
  31. Worku M., Astatkie T., 2011. Row and plant spacing effects on yield and yield components of soya bean cultivars under hot humid tropical environment of Ethiopia. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 197, 67–74.
  32. Zając T., Kulig B., Oleksy A., Stokłosa A., Stryc N., Pyziak K., 2013. Development and yield of morphologically different groups of winter oilseed rape canopy I. Productivity and and morphology of plants. Acta Sci. Pol., Agricultura, 12(1), 45–56.
  33. Zhang S., Liao X., Zhang C., Xu H., 2012. Influences of plant density on the seed yield and oil content of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Ind. Crops Prod. 40, 27–32.
  34. Zhou K.J., Guan C.Y., Xiao W.N., Tan T.L., 2009. Effects of chemical ripeners on photosynthetic characteristics of pods and rapeseed quality and yield. Acta Agron. Sinica, 35, 1369–1373.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >> 

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.