Abstract
Cirsium pannonicum is a protected species in Poland. The sources of threats are both spontaneous successional changes in vegetation leading to overgrowth of xerothermic grasslands and human activity. Active methods of protection are therefore indispensable for preservation of the species. Micropropagation in an in vitro culture may be one of the useful tools to protect the species actively. The objective of present work was to develop an efficient system for C. pannonicum in vitro propagation and comparison of morphological traits and the ability to flower in plants obtained by micropropagation and from seeds. Isolated shoot tips from 10-day-old seedlings were cultured on MS medium supplemented with: 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), kinetin (KN) or zeatin (ZEA) at concentration of 1.0, 2.0 or 3.0 mg.L-1 in combination with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA; 0.1 mg.L-1). The highest shooting frequency 93.6% and shoot multiplication rate 2.8 shoots/explant was obtained on medium supplemented with 2.0 mg.L-1 BA and 0.1 mg.L-1 NAA. In subsequent subcultures, average 3.3 axillary shoots per explant on MS
with 3.0 mg.L-1 BA was recorded, the difference was not statistically significant. The highest rooting frequency 86.1% was observed on 1/2 MS medium. Regenerated plants produced leaf rosettes and inflorescence stems typical for this species. However, compared to plants developed from seeds, these were fewer, much shorter and contained a greater number of capitula on individual stems. In the first year after acclimatization into the field condition, approximately 64% of individuals flowered. During the next years, all plants flowered in a period typical for the species. The flowers were fertile and the seeds were viable.
References
Baskaran P., Jayabalan N., 2005. An efficient micropropagation system for Eclipa alba – a valuable medicinal herb. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. – Plant 41, 532–539.
Bednarek R., Dziadowiec H., Pokojska U., Prusinkiewicz Z., 2004. Badania ekologicznogleboznawcze. Wyd. Nauk. PWN, Warszawa, 102–107.
Casado J.P., Navarro M.C., Utrilla M.P., Martinez A., Jiménez J., 2002. Micropropagation of Santolina canescens Lagasca and in vitro volatiles production by shoot explants. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 69, 147–153.
Cassells A.C., Walsh C., Belin M., Cambornac M., Robin J.R., Lubrano C., 1999. Establishment of a plantation from micropropagated Arnica chamissonis a pharmaceutical substitute for the endangered A. montana. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 56, 139–144.
Ćurković Perica M., 2003. In vitro propagation of Centaurea rupestris L. Acta Biol. Cracov. 45, 127–130.
Gebhardt H., 1982. Phosphatkartierung und bodenkundliche Geländeuntersuchungen zur Eingrenzung historischer Siedlungs- und Wirtschaftsflächen der Geestinsel Flögeln, Kreis Cuxhaven. Probleme der Küstenforschung im südlichen Hordseegebiet 14, 1–10.
Gosling P.G., 2004. Viability testing. In: Smith R.D., Dickie J.B., Linington S.H., Pritchard H.W., Probert R.J., [ed.] Seed Conservation: Turning Science Into Practice, 445–481. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK.
Kotov A.A., Kotova L.M., 2000. The contents of auxins and cytokinins in pea internodes as related to the growth of lateral buds. J. Plant Physiol. 156, 438–448.
Martin K.P., 2003/4. Rapid axillary bud proliferation and ex vitro rooting of Eupatorium triplinerve. Biol. Plant. 47, 589–591.
Matuszkiewicz W., 2001. Przewodnik do oznaczania zbiorowisk roślinnych Polski. Vademecum Geobotanicum. Wyd. Nauk. PWN, Warszawa, 130–131.
Murashige T., Skoog F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15, 437–497.
Münzbergová Z., 2005. Determinants of species rarity: Population growth rates of species sharing the same habitat. Am. J. Bot. 92/12, 1987–1994.
Piękoś-Mirkowa H., Mirek Z., 2006. Flora Polski, Rośliny chronione. Multico, Ofic. Wyd., Warszawa, 174.
Shani E., Yanai O., Ori N., 2006. The role of hormones in shoot apical meristem function. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 9, 484–489.
Shiva Prakash N., Deepak P., Neera B.S., 1994. Regeneration of pideon pea (Cajanus cajan) from cotyledonary node via multiple shoot formation. Plant Cell Rep. 13, 623–627
Sudhakar Johnson T., Badari Narayan S., Narayana D.B.A., 1997. Rapid in vitro propagation of Suassurea lappa, an endangered medicinal plant, through multiple shoot cultures. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. – Plant 33, 128–130.
Sujatha G., Ranjitha Kumari B.D., 2007. Effect of phytohormones on micropropagation of Artemisia vulgaris L. Acta Physiol. Plant. 29, 189–195.
Sujatha M., 1997. In vitro adventitious shoot regeneration for effective maintenance of male sterile niger (Guzotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.). Euphytica 93, 89–95.
Sychowa M., 1971. Cirsium Miller. In: Pawłowski B., Jasiewicz A., [ed.], Flora polska, Rośliny naczyniowe Polski i ziem ościennych, part 12, 368–383. PWN, Kraków.
Szafer W., Kulczyńska S., Pawłowski B., 1986. Rośliny polskie. Opisy i klucze do oznaczania wszystkich gatunków roślin naczyniowych rosnących w Polsce bądź dziko, bądź też zdziczałych lub częściej hodowlanych. part 2. PWN, Warszawa, 716.
Trejgell A., Bednarek M., Tretyn A., 2009. Micropropagation of Carlina acaulis L. Acta Biol. Cracov. 51, 97–103.
Trejgell A., Michalska M., Tretyn A., 2010. Micropropagation of Senecio macrophyllus M. Bieb. Acta Biol. Cracov. 52/1, 67–72.
Trejgell A., Tretyn A., 2010 Wydajność mikrorozmnażania w kulturach in vitro wybranych gatunków chronionych z rodziny Asteraceae. Biotechnologia 90, 202–209.
Werner K., 1980. Cirsium Miller. In: Tutin T.G., Heywood V.H., Burges N.A., Moore D.M., Valentine D.H., Walters S.M., Webb D.A., [ed.], Flora Europaea, part 4, 232–242. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Zając A., Zając M., [ed.] 2001. Distribution atlas of vascular plants in Poland. Nakładem Pracowni Chorologii Komputerowej Instytutu Botaniki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków, 167.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
