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ASPHC Baner

Vol. 24 No. 4 (2025)

Articles

Influence of genotype and culture conditions on in vitro gynogenesis in red beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2025.5473
Submitted: 23 December 2024
Published: 29.08.2025

Abstract

The process was examined or the effect of culture conditions on in vitro gynogenesis in red beet was analyzed, conditions were modified or optimized. A significant influence of the genotype on the gynogenesis process was demonstrated. Of the eight genotypes, 58.3% planted ovules regenerated embryo-like structures in breeding line 411, 2.1% in RA-10, RA-11, RA-12 breeding lines and 0.9% embryo-like structures in Opolski. For the gynogenesis induction, B5 medium containing 0.1 mg L–1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was the most effective from all tested media. On this medium, the highest number of gynogenetic embryo-like structures was obtained. Most of the plants were regenerated on MS medium supplemented with 30 g L–1 sucrose, 0.2 mg L–1 6-benzylaminopurine and 1 mg L–1 indole-3-acetic acid. Thirty nine percent of regenerated plants acclimatized. Cytometric evaluation of gynogenetic plants of four tested genotypes revealed that in three genotypes, 100% of tested plants were haploid. Plants showed diploid ploidy level in one genotype. Isoenzymatic analysis of gynogenetic plants demonstrated that 95% and 70% of examined populations were homozygotic for the phosphohexose isomerase isoenzyme and the aspartato aminotransferase isoenzyme, respectively. During the next generation sequencing, 93% of reads were successfully mapped, from which 83% to 85% were mapped in pairs. For 15% of pairs it was clear that obtained sequence was fully homozygous, the rest of the readings were not unambiguous, but similar to the sequence of a homozygous base pair system.

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