Abstract
Aphids are characterized by a specific morphology and show a high biotic potential. Most species have been described from the temperate regions of the world. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the biology, population dynamics and harmfulness of Phyllaphis fagi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Phyllaphidinae) on Fagus sylvatica (L.) and its two varieties ‘Pendula’ and ‘Atropunicea’. Demographic parameters of this aphid were tested in field conditions. Trees as isolated elements of greenery in the urban environment were taken into the consideration. The highest density of overwintering eggs was observed in the bark crevices of forking shoots. The shortest prereproduction and reproduction periods and the highest fertility was exhibited in the second generation of aphids. Pre-reproduction and reproduction periods of successive aphids’ generations were extended while females’ fertility was reduced. Despite of varied number
of aphids on F. sylvatica and its two varieties, no significant differences were stated. Feeding aphids caused leaves’ curling downwards on both sides of the mid-rib. Clear damage was visible even during the presence of few individuals on the leaf. Decorative values of trees were reduced as early as in June.
References
Blackman R. L., Eastop V. F., 1994. Aphids on the World’s Trees. An Identification and Information Guide. Cab International, London.
Burschel P., Vité P., 1951. Neue Beobachtungen über die Buchenblattbaumlaus Phyllaphis fagi L. (Hem., Aphididae). Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt, 70, 181–186.
Gange A. C., Llewellyn M., 1988. Egg distribution and mortality in the alder aphid, Pterocallis alni. Entomol. Exp. Appl, 48, 9–14.
Gange A. C., Pryse J. E., 1990. The roles of temperature and food quality in affecting the performance of the alder aphid, Pterocallis alni. Entomol. Exp. Appl, 57. 9–16.
Gora V., König J., Lunderstädt J., 1994. Physiological defence reactions of young beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) to attack by Phyllaphis fagi. For. Ecol. Manage., 70, 45–254.
Iversen T., Harding S., 2007a. Biological and other alternative control methods against the woolly beech aphid Phyllaphis fagi L. on beech Fagus sylvatica seedlings in forest nurseries. J. Pest Sci, 80, 159–166. DOI: 10.1007/s10340-007-0168-7
Iversen T., Harding S., 2007b. Life table parameters affecting the population development of the woolly beech aphid, Phyllaphis fagi. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 123, 109–117. DOI: 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2007.00524.x
Jaśkiewicz B., Kmieć K., 2007. The occurrence of Panaphis juglandis (Goetze) and Chromaphis juglandicola (Kalt.) on walnut under the urban conditions of Lublin. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus. 6 (3), 15–26.
Jaśkiewicz B., Kot I., 2007. The population dynamics of aphids Cinara juniperi De Geer on the shrubs of Juniperus communis L. in urban conditions of Lublin. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus. 6 (4), 3–10.
Karczmarz K., 2010. Numerical strength dynamics of Chromaphis juglandicola (Kalt. 1843) on common walnut (Juglans regia L.) in Lublin town plantings. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 9(4), 121–132.
Kudirkaitė-Akuliene V., Rakauskas R., 2009. Contribution to the knowledge of aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) fauna of Šakiai district, Lithuania. Acta Zoologica Lituanica, 19 (3), 235–243. DOI: 10.2478/v10043-009-0020-9
Miyazaki M., 1987. Forms and morphs of aphids. [in:] Aphids their biology, natural enemies and control (red. Minks A. K., Harrewijn P.). Elsevier, Amsterdam–Oxford–New York–Tokyo, A, 27–50.
Nef L., Duhoux F., 1994. Damage and estimating populations of Phyllaphis fagi L. in forest nurseries. [w:] Diseases and insects in forest nurseries (red. Perrin R., Sutherland J. R.). Institut National de la Recherché Agronomique, Paris, 129–136.
Prabucki J., 1972. Z badań nad biologią spadziodajnej mszycy Phyllaphis fagi L. (Homoptera). Pol. Pismo Entomol, 42 (1), 199–209.
Ruszkowska M., Wilkaniec B., 2002. Urban fauna of aphids (Homoptera Aphidoidea) related to trees and shrubs in the Poznań district. J. Plant Protect. Res., 42 (3), 205–214.
Schmutterer H., 1952. Zur Kenntnis der Buchenblattlaus Phyllaphis fagi (L.) (Homoptera, Aphidoidea), einer wichtigen Honigtauerzeugerin auf Buche. Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, 25, 1–5.
Seneta W., Dolatowski J., 2006. Dendrologia. PWN, Warszawa.
Smith R. G., 1999. Wax glands, wax production and the functional significance of wax use in three aphid species (Homoptera: Aphididae). J. Natural Hist., 33 (4), 513–530.
Szelegiewicz H., 1968. Mszyce – Aphidoidea. Katalog Fauny Polski. PWN, Warszawa.
Tworek K., 1996. Owady spadziujące. [w:] Pszczoły na spadzi (red. Tworek K.), Sądecki Bartnik, Nowy Sącz, 10–30.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
