Wartość rolnicza zbiorowisk trawiastych jako wskaźnik stanu środowiska przyrodniczego spowodowanego wydobyciem siarki

Teresa Wyłupek

Waldemar Martyn

Katarzyna Koper

Abstrakt

In the vegetative season of 2001 geobotanical examinations were conducted in the area of a former mine „Basznia”. Hence, the yielding and agricultural suitability were determined as well as floristic richness of the plant associations with Braun-Blanquet’s method. It was found that sulphur mining even with a hole method results in considerable changes in the environment, not only of the minning area but the fields situated near the mine as well. The mean yield of air dry mass of the grassland close to the places of sulphur mining was very low, only 0.39 t ha^-1, while the yielding of grassland beyond the raising area was a few times as high – 3.5 t ha^-1. The value of fodder regarding agricultural suitability for livestock, obtained from the analysed places in the immediate vicinity of a sulphur mining hole proved to be really poor ((UVN=1.0), whereas from the region outside the sulphur raising and transport it was good (UVN=7.0). Moreover, it was recorded that a great share of strongly sulphated soils in the area of the former Sulphur Mine “Basznia” indicated a considerable part of Calamagrotis epigeios in the grassland sward. This is a plant of a very low economic value but of great antierosive importance.