EVALUATION OF SPENT MUSHROOM SUBSTRATE, MINERAL NPK FERTILIZATION AND MANURE FERTILIZATION ON CHAMOMILE (Chamomilla recutita L. Rausch) YIELD AND RAW MATERIAL QUALITY

Cezary A. Kwiatkowski

Department of Herbology and Plant Cultivation Techniques, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

Elżbieta Harasim

Department of Herbology and Plant Cultivation Techniques, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

Alena Yakimovich

Institute of Plant Protection in Priluki, Minsk District, Mira 2, 223011 Belarus

Barbara Kołodziej

Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

Marta Tomczyńska-Mleko

Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland


Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of spent mushroom substrate (SMS), manure and mineral fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on chamomile (Chamomilla recutita L. Rausch) yield and raw material quality. Unfertilized chamomile plots were the control treatment. This study hypothesized that due to its high content of organic matter and macro- and micronutrients, SMS could be an alternative and innovative method of fertilization of this herbal plant. Given that the possibility of using organic fertilization is very limited, we should seek new methods to increase the organic matter content in cultivated soils. A three-year field experiment with a split-block design was conducted on podzolic soil under the climatic conditions of the central Lublin region (Poland). SMS used in this experiment was richer in dry matter and total nitrogen, but less rich in total organic carbon, phosphorus and potassium than farmyard manure. In each year of the study, the highest total yield of chamomile raw material was recorded in the treatment with SMS supplemented with mineral NPK fertilization in spring. The above-mentioned treatment also proved to be most beneficial for the majority of the analyzed quality parameters of the chamomile raw material. It was proved that due to fertilization of a chamomile plantation with SMS, herbal raw material characterized by the best health-promoting parameters (a high content of natural antioxidants) can be obtained.


Amorati, R., Foti, M.C., Valgimigli, L. (2013). Antioxidant activity of essential oils. J. Agric. Food Chem., 61, 10835–10847.

Bac, S., Koźmiński, C., Rojek, M. (1993). Agrometeorology. PWN, Warszawa, 32–33.

Bavec, M., Narodoslawsky, M., Bavec, F., Turinek, M. (2012). Ecological impact of wheat and spelt production under industrial and alternative farming systems. Renew Agric. Food Syst., 27, 242–250.

Beyer, D. (1999). Spent mushroom substrate. Online. Mushroom spawn. cas.psu.edu/spent.htm.

Cao, G., Prior, R.L. (1999). The measurement of oxygen radical absorbance capacity in biological samples. Methods Enzymol., 229, 50–62.

Cavalieri, E., Rigo, A., Bonifacio, M., Carcereri de Prati, A., Guardalben, E., Bergamini, C., Fato, R., Pizzolo, G., Suzuki, H., Vinante, F. (2011). Pro-apoptotic activity of α-bisabolol in preclinical models of primary human acute leukemia cells. J. Transl. Med., 9, 45.

Ciepiela, G.A., Jankowska, J., Jankowski, K., Kolczarek, R. (2007). Influence of unconventional organic manure on fodder quality from the meadow. Fragm. Agron., 1, 14–24.

Dunbar, J., Wong, D.C.L., Yarus, M.J., Forney, L.J. (1996). Autoradiographic method for isolation of diverse microbial species with unique catabolic traits. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62, 4180–4185.

Drzał, E., Kozak, E., Kucharski, B., Podgórski, L., Streb, M., Suchy, M., Synoś, A. (1995). Environmental microbiological and physicochemical risks from substrate. Biblioteka Monitoringu Środowiska, Warszawa, 138–143.

Food and Agriculture Organisation (2007). FAOSTAT Database. http://www.fao.org>

Gerrits, J.P.G. (1994). Composition, use and legislation of spent mushroom substrate in Netherlands. Compost Sci. Util., 2, 24–30.

Guo, M., Chorover, J. (2004). Solute release from weathering of spent mushroom substrate under controlled con-ditions. Compost Sci. Util., 12, 225–234.

Jankowski, K., Ciepiela, G., Jodełka, J., Kolczarek, R. (2004). Possibilites of mushroom compost utilization for fertilization of meadows. Ann. UMCS, E, 59, 4, 1763–1770.

Jordan, S.N., Mullen, G.J. (2007). Spent mushroom legislation in Ireland. Proceedings of ESAI Environ, 37–41.

Jordan, S.N., Mullen, G.J., Murphy, M.C. (2008). Composition variability of spent mushroom compost in Ireland. Bioresour. Technol., 99, 411–418.

Kalembasa, D., Majchrowska-Safaryan, A. (2009). Affluence of the spent mushroom substrate from mushroom growing cellar. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln., 535, 195–200.

Kalembasa, D., Wiśniewska, B. (2001). Chemical composition of the beds after mushrooms production. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln., 475, 295–300.

Kalembasa, D., Wiśniewska, B. (2006). Changes of chemical composition of soil and perennial ryegrass Lolium multiflorum under the influence of the application of post-mushroom production bed. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln., 512, 265–276.

Kalembasa, D., Wiśniewska, B., (2008a). The influence of fertilization with mushroom production bed on the amount some macroelements in Lolium multiflorum LAM. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln., 526, 191–196.

Kalembasa, D., Wiśniewska, B. (2008b). The effect of fertilization with spent mushroom substrate on the content of phosphorus and its uptake and use by annual ryegrass. In: Phosphorus compounds in chemistry, agriculture, medicine and environmental protection. Pr. Nauk Uniw. Ekon. Wroc. Chem., 4, 109–114.

Katsube, N., Iwashita, K., Tsushida, T., Yamaki, K., Kobori, M. (2003). Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and the anthocyanins. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 68–75.

Kozłowska, H., Troszyńska, A. (1999). The role of natural non-nutrients of plant origin as components of func-tional food. Żywn. Nauka Technol. Jakość Supl., 4(21) 63–73.

Kryńska, W., Martyniak-Przybyszewska, B., Wierzbicka, B. (1983). An attempt to evaluate spent mushroom sub-strate as compost for growing greenhouse tomatoes and cucumbers. Materials Symposium ART Olsztyn, 110–125.

Kwiatkowski, C.A. (2015). Yield and quality of chamomile (Chamomila recutita (L.) Rausch.) raw material de-pending on selected foliar sprays and plant spacing. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 14(1), 143–156.

Maher, M.J., Smyth, S., Dodd, V.A., McCabe, T., Magette, W.L., Duggan, J., Hennerty, M.J. (2000). Managing spent mushroom compost. Teagasc, Dublin, 111–121.

Martyniak-Przybyszewska, B., Wierzbicka, B. (1996). Effect of several substrates on yield of hotbed cucumber. Zesz. Probl. Post Nauk. Roln., 429, 237–240.

Maszkiewicz, J. (2010). Spent mushroom substrate as fertilizer and fuel. In: White mushrooms. Biuletyn Producenta Pieczarek. Hortpress, 1, 59–60.

Medina, E., Paredes, C., Pérez-Murcia, M.D., Bustamante, M.A., Moral, R. (2009). Spent mushroom substrates as component of growing media for germination and growth of horticultural plants. Bioresour. Technol., 100, 4227–4232.

Miłkowska, K., Strzelecka, H. (1995). Flos Hibisci – methods for identification and evaluation of raw material. Herba Pol., 41(1), 11–16.

Nurzyńska-Wierdak, R. (2011). The essential oil of Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rausch. cultivated and wild growing in Poland. Ann. UMCS, sec. DDD, Pharmacia, 24, 25, 197–206.

Obidowska, G. (1998). Substances of plant origin in cancer prevention. Przegl. Piek., 17, 2–4.

Polat, E., Uzun, I.H., Topcuoglu, B., Önal, K., Onus, A.N., Karaca, M. (2009). Effects of spent mush-room compost on quality and productivity of cucumber (Cucumis dativus L.) grown in green-houses. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 8, 176–180.

Polish Pharmacopoeia VI (2002). PZWL, Warszawa.

Polish Pharmacopoeia IX (2011). PZWL, Warszawa.

Rak, J., Koc, G., Jankowski, K. (2001). The application of post-mushroom compost in the regeneration of meadow sward destroyed by fire. Pam. Puł., 125, 401–408.

Rao, J.R., Watabe, M., Stewart, T.A., Millar, B.C., Moore, J.E. (2007). Pelleted organomineral fertilizers from composted pig slurry solids, animal substrates and spent mushroom compost for amenity grasslands. Substrate Manage, 27, 1117–1128.

Re, R., Pellgrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assai. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 26, 9/10, 1231–1237.

Rossi, M., Giussani, E., Morelli, R., Scalzo, R., Nani, R.C., Torreggiani, D. (2003). Effect of fruit blanching on phenolics and radical scavenging activity of highbush blueberry juice. Food Res. Int., 36, 999–1005.

Rouseff, R.L., Nagy, S. (1994). Health and nutritional benefits of citrus fruit components. Food Technol., 11, 125–132.

Roy, S., Barman, S., Chakraborty, U., Chakraborty, B. (2015). Evaluation of spent mushroom substrate as biofertilizer for growth improvement of Capsicum annuum L. J. App. Biol. Biotech., 3, 22–27.

Rumińska, A. (1981). Rośliny lecznicze. Podstawy biologii i agrotechniki [Medicinal plants. Basics of biology and agronomy]. PWN, Warszawa.

Run-Hua, Z., Zeng-Qiang, D., Zhi-Guo, L. (2012). Use of spent mushroom substrate as growing media for tomato and cucumber seedlings. Pedosphere, 22, 333–342.

Rutkowska, B., Szulc, W., Stępień, W., Jobda, J. (2009). Possibility of agricultural utilization of spent mushroom substrates. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln., 535, 349–356.

Salomez, J., De Bolle, S., Sleutel, S., De Neve, S., Hofman, G. (2009). Nutrient legislation in Flanders (Belgium). Pro-ceedings. More sustainability in agriculture. New fertilizers and fertilization management. Rome, 546–551.

Seidler-Łożykowska, K. (1999). Comparison of some traits of chamomile strains and varieties with high content of α-bisabolol. Part I. Herba Pol. 45, 312–317.

Seidler-Łożykowska, K. (2000). Comparison of some traits of chamomile strains and varieties with high content of α-bisabolol. Part II. Herba Pol. 46, 5–11.
Song, L., Siu-Wai, Ch. (2007). Dual roles of spent mushroom substrate on soil improvement and enhanced drought tolerance of wheat Triticum aestivum. International Conferences, 3rd QLIF Congress. Crop production, soil management. 20-23 March, Germany.

Srivastava, J.K., Shankar, E., Gupta, S. (2010). Chamomile. A herbal medicine of the past with bright
future. Mol. Med. Report, 3(6), 895–901. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2010.377

Steffen, K.L., Dann, M.S., Fager, K., Fleisher, S.J., Harper, J.K. (1994). Short-term and long-term impact of an initial large scale SMS soil amendment on vegetable crop productivity and resource use efficiency. Compost Sci. Util., 24, 75–83.

Szudyga, K. (2005). Mushroom substrates. In: Growing mushrooms. Hortpress, Warszawa, 73–74.

Ustawa z dnia 27 kwietnia 2001 r. o odpadach [The Substrate Act of 27 April 2001 as amended]. Dz. U. 01.62.628.

Uzun, I. (2004). Use of spent mushroom compost in sustainable fruit production. J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res., 12, 157–165.

Wang, Z.H., Li, S.X., Malhi, S. (2008). Effect of fertilization and other agronomic measures on nutritional quality of crops. J. Sci. Food Agr., 88, 7–23.

Williams, B.C., McMullans, S., McCahey, S. (2001). An initial assessment of spent mushroom compostas a po-tential energy feedstock. Bioresour. Technol., 79, 227–230.

Wiśniewska-Kadżajan, B. (2012). Assessment of usefulness of the substrate after mushrooms growing to plant fertilization. Ochr. Śr. Zasobów Nat., 54, 165–176.

Wiśniewska-Kadżajan B., Jankowski, K. (2015). Effect of mushroom substrate supplemented with minerals on yield of biomass and protein of orchard grass. Acta Agrophys., 22(3), 335–344.

Wuest, P.J., Fahy, H.K. (1991). Spent mushroom compost. Traits and Uses. Mushroom News, 39, 9–15.

Yen, G.C., Chen H.Y. (1995). Antioxidant activity of various tea extracts in relation to their antimutagenicity. J. Agr. Food Chem., 43, 27–32.

Zu, Y., Yu, H., Liang, L., Fu, Y., Efferth, T., Liu, X., Wu, N. (2010). Activities of ten essential oils towards Propionibacterium acnes and PC-3, A-549 and MCF-7 cancer cells. Molecules, 15, 3200–3210.
Download

Published
2018-06-25



Cezary A. Kwiatkowski 
Department of Herbology and Plant Cultivation Techniques, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Elżbieta Harasim 
Department of Herbology and Plant Cultivation Techniques, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Alena Yakimovich 
Institute of Plant Protection in Priluki, Minsk District, Mira 2, 223011 Belarus
Barbara Kołodziej 
Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Marta Tomczyńska-Mleko 
Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland



License

 

Articles are made available under the conditions CC BY 4.0 (until 2020 under the conditions CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Submission of the paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

The author signs a statement of the originality of the work, the contribution of individuals, and source of funding.

 


Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>