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Tom 80 Nr 1 (2025)

Artykuły

Efekty zmian konstrukcyjnych elementów roboczych maszyny do uprawy pasowej. Cz. II. Wzrost i plonowanie roślin, jakość plonów

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/as.2025.5472
Przesłane: 21 grudnia 2024
Opublikowane: 19.05.2025

Abstrakt

Postęp biologiczny i agrotechniczny w polowej produkcji roślinnej wymuszają nowe rozwiązania w budowie i eksploatacji maszyn rolniczych. Uprawa pasowa roli z jednoczesną aplikacją nawozu i siewem nasion wymaga specjalistycznych maszyn z elementami roboczymi dostosowanymi do warunków pracy. W wyniku badań i prac rozwojowych opracowano udoskonalone materiałowo i konstrukcyjnie zęby spulchniające glebę, aplikatory nawozów i redlice siewne hybrydowej maszyny pracującej w technologii jednego przejazdu. W doświadczeniach polowych oceniono efekty ich użycia w agrotechnice roślin ozimych i jarych. Określono wzrost, plonowanie i jakość plonów ozimych form pszenicy i rzepaku, a także jęczmienia jarego, grochu i kukurydzy. Plony tych roślin uprawianych z użyciem maszyny wyposażonej w innowacyjne elementy robocze były większe, w zależności od gatunku, o 2,7–6,9% od plonów z obiektów uprawianych maszyną standardową. Różnica plonów wynikała głównie z większej polowej zdolności wschodów roślin. Większe były również obsada roślin przed zbiorem i kłosów zbóż, a u kukurydzy masa ziarna z rośliny. Nasiona grochu uprawianego innowacyjną maszyną zawierały o 0,4 punktu procentowego więcej białka, a nasiona rzepaku o 0,4 p.p. tłuszczu niż nasiona roślin wysiewanych maszyną bez zmian konstrukcyjnych

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