Abstract
Over the period 2007–2009, a study was conducted on the biology and abun-dance of flowering of Weigela florida Bunge and the effect of color change in its flowers on the behavior of pollinating insects. In the climatic conditions of south-eastern Poland, the flowering of the studied taxon started at the beginning of the second 10-day period of May and lasted from 4.5 to 7 weeks. Single W. florida flowers lived on average for 6.5 days. Bumblebees were predominant among insects visiting the flowers of Weigela florida, while honey bees visited them in lower numbers. Insect visitation to different-aged flowers was found to vary. The pollinators most frequently visited young flowers with bright pink petals and a yellow or orange nectar guide in the throat of the corolla, while they avoided older dark red flowers with a red-carmine nectar guide.
References
Cruzan, M.B., Neal, P.R., Willson, M.F. (1988). Floral display in Phyla incisa: consequences for male and female reproductive success. Evolution, 42, 505–515.
Howes, F.N. (1979). Plants and beekeeping. Faber and Faber, London & Boston, pp. 236.
Ida, T.Y., Kudo, G. (2003). Floral color change in Weigela middendorffiana (Caprifoliaceae): reduction of geitonogamous pollination by bumble bees. Am. J. Bot., doi: 10.3732/ajb.90.12.1751.
Inoue, M.N., Ushijima, J., Yokoyama, J. (2007). Effect of Weigela hortensis (Caprifoliaceae) floral morphology on pollinator behavior. Plant Spec. Biol., doi: 10.1111/j.1442-1984.2007.00179.x
Kim, Y.D., Kim, S.H. (1999). Phylogeny of Weigela and Diervilla (Caprifoliaceae) based on nuclear rDNA its sequences: biogeographic and taxonomic implications. J. Plant Res., 112, 331–341.
Klinkhamer, P.G.L., De Jong, T.J., De Bruyn, G.J. (1989). Plant size and pollinator visitation in Cynoglossum officinale. Oikos, 54, 201–204.
Krotoska, T. (1958). Pory roku w życiu roślin. Obserwacje fenologiczne w zespołach roślin. Nauki Biologiczne, PWN, Poznań, pp. 69.
Łukasiewicz, A. (1984). Potrzeba ujednolicenia metodyki fenologicznej w polskich ogrodach botanicznych i arboretach. Wiad. Bot., 28(2), 153–158.
Mountain, M.F., Day, R., Quartley, Ch., Goatcher, A. (1981). Garden plants valuable to bees. IBRA, London, pp. 52.
Niesenbaum, R.A., Patselas, M.G., Weiner, S.D. (1999). Does flower color change in Aster vimineus cue pollinators? Am. Midl. Nat., doi: 10.1674/0003-0031(1999)141[0059:DFCCIA]2.0.CO;2
Oberrath, R., Böhning-Gaese, K. (1999). Floral color change and the attraction of insect pollina-tors in lungwort (Pulmonaria collina). Oecologia, 121(3), 383–391.
Ohba, H. (1993). Caprifoliaceae. In: Flora of Japan, IIIa, Iwatsuki, K., Yamazaki, T., Boufford, D.E., Ohba H. (eds). Tokyo, Kodansha, 420–448.
Rubinowska, K., Michałek, W., Pogroszewska, E. (2012). The effects of chemical substances on senescence of Weigela florida (Bunge) A. Dc. ‘Variegata nana’ cut stems. Acta Sci. Pol. Hor-torum Cultus, 11(2), 17–28.
Seneta, W., Dolatowski, J. (2011). Dendrologia. PWN, Warszawa, pp. 544.
Stawiarz, E., Wróblewska, A. (2013). Flowering dynamics and pollen production of Laburnum anagyroides Med. under the conditions of south-eastern Poland. J. Apic. Sci., doi: 10.2478/jas-2013-0021
Weiss, M.R. (1991). Floral color change as cues for pollinators. Nature, doi:10.1038/354227a0
Weiss, M.R. (1995). Floral color change: a widespread functional convergence. Am. J. Bot., 82(2), 167–185.
Weiss, M.R. (1997). Innate colour preferences and flexible colour learning in the pipevine swallowtail. Anim. Behav., doi: 10.1006/anbe.1996.0357
Weiss, M.R., Lamont, B.B. (1997). Floral color change and insect pollination: a dynamic relation-ship. Isr. J. Plant Sci., doi: 10.1080/07929978.1997.10676683
Yokoyama, J., Fukuda, T., Yokoyama, A., Maki, M. (2002). The intersectional hybrid between Weigela hortensis and W. maximowiczii (Caprifoliaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc., doi: 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.00033.x
Zhang, Y.W., Zhao, X.N., Huang, S.J., Zhang, L.H., Zhao, J.M. (2012). Temporal pattern of floral color change and time retention of post-change flowers in Weigela japonica var. sinica (Caprifoliaceae). J. Syst. Evol., doi: 10.1111/j.1759-6831.2012.00218.x
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
