Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

Vol. 12 No. 3 (2013)

Articles

THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL HYSSOP OIL DEPENDING ON PLANT GROWTH STAGE

Submitted: December 9, 2020
Published: 2013-06-30

Abstract

Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) is a perennial plant of Mediterranean origin. The raw material is the herb (Hyssopi herba) that shows multidirectional medicinal activity. Essential oil is the main biologically active substance. The content of oil and its chemical composition determine the aroma of the raw material. The essential oil content changes during the period of plant growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative composition of hyssop oil depending on plant growth stage. Studies were conducted in the period 2007–2008 at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The hyssop herb was collected from plants at the following growth stages: vegetative stage (the middle of June), beginning of flowering (the middle of July), and full flowering (the middle of August). The herb was dried at a temperature of 30oC and then ground
through 4–5 mm mesh sieves. Essential oil was obtained from the ground herb by steam distillation. The main components of hyssop oil were as follows: cis-pinocamphone, trans-pinocamphone (monoterpene ketones), -pinene (monoterpene hydrocarbon), germacrene D (sesquiterpene hydrocarbon), and elemol (sesquiterpene alcohol). Transpinocamphone was predominant in the oil extracted from hyssop collected at the vegetative stage, but its content decreased with plant growth, while the content of cispinocamphone increased. The content of -pinene was the highest in the oil extracted from hyssop cut at the vegetative stage and more than twice lower in the oil obtained from plants harvested at the beginning of flowering and at full flowering.

References

Adams R.P., 2001. Identification of Essential Oil Compounds by Gas Chromatography/Quadrupole Mass Spectroscopy. Allured Carol Stream, IL.
Baj T., Wolski T., Głowniak K., 2007. Hyzop lekarski (Hyssopus officinalis L.) – zawartość i skład olejku eterycznego. IV Sympozjum „Naturalne i syntetyczne produkty zapachowe i kosmetyczne”, Łódź, 39.
Baj T., Kowalski R., Świątek Ł., Modzelewska M., Wolski T., 2010. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essentials oil of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L. ssp. officinalis). Annales UMCS Sec. DDD, Pharmacia 3, 7, 55–62.
Bernotienė G., Butkienė R., 2010. Essential oils of Hyssopus officinalis L. cultivated in East Lithuania. Chemija 21(2–4), 135–138.
Fraternale D., Ricci D., Epifano F., Curini M., 2004. Composition and Antifungal Activity of Two Essential Oils of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.). J. Essent. Oil Res. 16, 617–622.
Garg S.N., Naqvi A. A., Singh A., Ram G., Kumar S., 1999. Composition of essential oil from an annual crop Hyssopus officinalis grown in Indian plains. Flavour Fragr. J. 14, 170–172.
Góra J., Lis A., 2002. Olejek hyzopowy. Aromaterapia 1(27), 29–32.
Jambor J., 2006. Rośliny lecznicze od aloesu do żeń-szenia . Farmapress. Warszawa, 69–70.
Jankovskỳ M., Landa T., 2002. Genus Hyssopus L. – recent knowledge. Hort. Sci. (Prague) 29(3), 119–123.
Kaškonienie V., Kaškonas P., Maruška A., Ragažinskiene O., 2011. Chemical composition and chemometric analysis of essentials oils variation of Bidens tripatita L. during vegetation stages. Acta Physiol. Plant. 33, 2377–2385.
Kizil S., Toncer O., Ipek A., Arslan N., Saglam S., Khawar K.M., 2008. Blooming stages of Turkish hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) affect essential oil composition. Acta Agric. Scandiv., Sect. B – Soil & Plant Science 58(3), 273–279.
Kizil S., Haşimi N., Tolan V., Kilinç E., Karataş H., 2010. Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) Essential Oil. Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj 38 (3), 99–103.
Kohlmünzer S., 2007. Farmakognozja. PZWL Warszawa, 581.
Letessier M.P., Svoboda K.P., Walters D.R., 2001. Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oil of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis). J. Phytopathol. 149, 673–678.
Mass Spectral Library. (2002). NIST/EPA/NIH: USA.
Mazzanti G., Battinelli L., Salvatore G. 1998. Antimicrobial properties of the linalool-rich essential oil of Hyssopus officinalis L var. decumbens (Lamiaceae). Flavour Fragr. J. 13, 289–294.
Mitić V., Dordević S., 2000. Essential oil composition of Hyssopus officinalis L. cultivated in Serbia. Facta Universitatis, Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology 2(2), 105–108.
Mirjalili M.H., Salehi P., Sonboli A., Vala M.M., 2006. Essential oil variation of Salvia ofiicinalis aerial parts during its phenological cycle. Chem. Nat. Comp. 42(1), 19–23.
Nanova Z., Slavova Y., Nenkova D., Ivanova I., 2007. Microclonal Propagation of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) Bulg. J. Agric. Sci. 13, 213–219.
Németh É., Bernáth J., Varga E., Franke R., 2000. Variability of the essential oil of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.). ISEO 2000 31 st International Symposium on Essential Oils. Hamburg/Germany. Abstracts B-19.
Nurzyńska-Wierdak R., Dzida K., 2009. Influence of plant density and term of harvest on yield and chemical composition of sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.). Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 8(1), 51–61.
Özgüven M., Tansi S., 1998. Drug Yield and Essential Oil of Thymus vulgaris L. as in Influenced by Ecological and Ontogenetical Variation. Tukr. J. Agric. Forest. 22, 537–542.
Polish Pharmacopoeia VII, 2006. Pol. Tow. Farmaceutyczne, Warszawa.
Rey C., Carron C. A., Cottagnoud A., Bruttin B., Carlen C., 2004. The hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) cultivar ‘Perlay’. Rev. Suisse Viticult., Arboricult. Horticult. 36(6), 337–341.
Rosłon W., Osińska E., Węglarz Z., 2002. Evaluation of three species of Hyssopus genus with respect to their development as well as essentials oil content and its composition. Folia Hortic. 14(2), 145–151.
Sefidkon F., Abbasi K., Jamzad Z., Ahmadi S., 2007. The effect of distillation methods and stage of plant growth on the essential oil content and composition of Satureja rechingeri Jamzad. Food Chem. 100, 1054–1058.
Senderski M.E., 2004. Prawie wszystko o ziołach. Podkowa Leśna, 302–304.
Strzelecka H., Kowalski J., 2000. Encyklopedia zielarstwa i ziołolecznictwa. Wyd. Nauk. PWN, Warszawa, 189–190.
Strzemski M., 2008. Olejki eteryczne. Farmacja Krakowska 1, 18.
Tampieri M.P., Galuppi R., Carelle M.S., Macchioni F., Cioni P.L., Morelli I., 2003. Effect of Selected Essential Oils and Pure Compounds on Saprolegnia parasitica. Pharmaceutical Biol. 41(8), 584–591.
Wesołowska A., Jadczak D. and Grzeszczuk M., 2010. Essential oil composition of (Hyssopus officinalis L.) cultivated in north-western Poland. Herba Pol. 56(1), 57–65.
Wolski T., Baj T., 2006. Hyzop lekarski (Hyssopus officinalis L.) aromatyczna roślina lecznicza. Aromaterapia 4(46), 10–18.
Wyk B., Wink M., 2008. Rośliny lecznicze świata. MedPharm Polska Wrocław, 177.
Zawiślak G., 2000. Analiza zawartości i składu chemicznego olejku eterycznego występującego z zielu szałwii lekarskiej (Salvia officinalis L.) odmiany ‘Bona’ w pierwszym roku wegetacji. Annales UMCS sect. EEE, Horticultura, 8, suppl., 447–452.
Zawiślak G., 2011. Hyssop herb yield and quality depending on harvest term and plant spacing. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus 10(3), 331–342.
Zheljazkov V.D., Astetkie T., Hristov A.N., 2012. Lavender and hyssop productivity, oil content, and bioactivity as a function of harvest time and drying. Indust. Crops and Products 36, 222–228.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>