MICROORGANISMS COLONIZING THE LEAVES, SHOOTS AND ROOTS OF BOXWOOD (Buxus sempervirens L.)

HALINA Kurzawińska

Department of Plant Protection, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków

Stanisław Mazur

Department of Plant Protection, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków

Jacek Nawrocki

Department of Plant Protection, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków


Abstract

Buxus sempervirens (L.) is an evergreen shrub often used in urban plantings intended for forming the trimmed hedges, as well as for creating geometrical shapes. Its decorative qualities are often diminished by the effects of pathogens colonizing the roots, shoots and leaves. The study was conducted in three consecutive growing seasons. The experimental material originated from a nursery located in southern Poland. The subjects under study were diseased leaves, stems and roots of the boxwood variety ‘Suffruticosa’. Samples consisting of 720 diseased fragments of the shrub were taken for mycological examination. Mycological isolations were performed according to the standard methods used in phytopathology. A total of 1059 colonies of fungi and fungus-like organisms were isolated from the diseased boxwood plants. The fungus Alternaria alternata dominated among all the isolates. The pathogens frequently isolated from the leaves included Macrophoma candollei, Volutella buxi and Fusarium buxicola. Those frequently isolated from the shoots included: Pestalotiopsis sydowiana, Volutella buxi and Fusarium avenaceum. The root system, in turn, was colonized in large numbers by: Fusarium oxysporum, F. avenaceum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea and Phytophthora cinnamomi. Results of the three-year study show a comprehensive participation of phytopathogens in the disease process affecting the boxwood variety ‘Suffruticosa’.

Keywords:

boxwood, isolation, microorganisms

Booth, C. (1971). The genus Fusarium. Commonwealth Mycological Institute Kew, Surrey.

Chase, A.R. (2005). Advanced treatment of Alternaria. Pests Dis., 6, 38–44.

Domsch, K.H., Gams, W., Anderson, T.H. (1980). Compendium of soil fungi. Acad. Press. London, New York, Toronto, Sydney, San Francisco.

Ellis, M.B, Ellis, J.P. (1985). Microfungi on land plants. An identfication handbook. Croom Helm, London–Sydney.

Farr, D.C., Bills, G.F, Chamuris, G.P, Rossman, A.Y. (1989). Fungi on plants and plant products in the United States. APS Press, St. Paul, 117–118.

Henricot, B., Culham, A. (2002). Cylindrocladium buxicola, a new species affecting Buxus spp., and phylogenetic status. Mycologia, 94(6), 980–997, https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2003.11833155

Horst, R.K. (2008). Westcott’s plant disease Handbook. Springer, New York.

Hüseyin, E., Selcuk, F. (2014). Coleomycetous fungi in several forest ecosystems of Black Sea provinces of Turkey. Agric. Forest., 60(2), 19–32. DOI: 10.17707/AgricultForest

Kakaliková, L., Janura, E., Šrobárová A. (2009). First report of Alternaria bunch rot of grapevines in Slovakia. Australas. Plant Dis. Notes, 4(1), 68–69, https://doi.org/10.1071/DN09029

Kopacki, M. (2014). Grzyby zasiedlające bukszpan w nasadzeniach miejskich. Ann. UMCS sec. EEE Horticultura, 24(4), 25–30.

Kurzawińska, H., Nadziakiewicz, M., Muras, P. (2012). Mikozy – narastające zagrożenia dla bukszpanu oraz przydatność niektórych naturalnych substancji w ich zwalczaniu. Progr. Plant Prot./ Post. Ochr. Rośl., 52(3), 634–637, http://dx.doi.org/10.14199/ppp-2012-110

Kwaśna, H., Chełkowski, J., Zajkowski, P. (1991). Grzyby (Mycota), tom 22. Sierpik (Fusarium). PAN, Warszawa–Kraków.

Lesisz, J. (2005). Ważniejsze choroby grzybowe występujące na drzewach i krzewach w Ogrodzie Botanicznym w Łodzi. Biul. Ogr. Bot., 14, 93–100.

Łabanowski, G., Soika, G., Orlikowski, L., Wojdyła, A. (2011). Pielęgnacja roślin ogrodowych, choroby i szkodniki. Multico Oficyna Wydawnicza, Warszawa.

Nelson, P.E., Toussoun, Y.A, Marasas, W.F.O. (1983). Fusarium species. In: An illustrated manunal for identification. Pensylwania State University Press, University Park.

Rifai, M.A. (1969). A revision of the genus Trichoderma. Mycol. Pap., 116, 1–56.

Saracchi, M., Roschi, F., Pizzatti, C., Cortesi, P. (2008). Box blight, a new disease of Buxus in Italy caused by Cylindrocladium buxicola. J. Plant Pathol., 90(3), 581–584. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4454/jpp.v90i3.703

Stompor-Chrzan, E., Gargała M. (2011). Zdrowotność ozdobnych krzewów liściastych w produkcji szkółkarskiej. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Rol., 562, 229–234.

Werner, M., Kwaśna, H. (1998). Choroby pędów i liści różanecznika. Ochr. Rośl., 6, 10–11.

Wagner A., Jamiołkowska A. (2004). First report of Alternaria alternata causing stem blight of compass plant (Silphium laciniatum) in Poland. Plant Dis., 88, 1045, http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.9.1045D

Download

Published
2019-12-17



HALINA Kurzawińska 
Department of Plant Protection, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków
Stanisław Mazur 
Department of Plant Protection, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków
Jacek Nawrocki 
Department of Plant Protection, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków



License

 

Articles are made available under the conditions CC BY 4.0 (until 2020 under the conditions CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Submission of the paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

The author signs a statement of the originality of the work, the contribution of individuals, and source of funding.

 


Most read articles by the same author(s)