POLLEN VIABILITY AND TISSUE CULTURE INITIATION OF Salix lapponum, AN ENDANGERED SPECIES IN POLAND
Magdalena Pogorzelec
University of Life Sciences in LublinMarzena Parzymies
University of Life Sciences in LublinUrszula Bronowicka-Mielniczuk
University of Life Sciences in LublinBarbara Banach
University of Life Sciences in LublinArtur Serafin
University of Life Sciences in LublinAbstract
The main aim of the study was to investigate the viability of pollen of a boreal relict, Salix lapponum, an endangered species in Poland as well as to evaluate the possibility to introduce the plant into a tissue culture. Two approaches were taken to estimate pollen viability: staining pollen with dyes and in vitro germination assay. The study results showed high pollen viability of the species, with regard to both fresh pollen and pollen stored for 12 months. The effectiveness of pollen tube growth was also found to be largely dependent on glucose content in a medium and thermal conditions. The study results have provided necessary information on the most optimal combinations for pollen germination of boreal willow in artificial conditions. The research on tissue culture initiation of S. lapponum was also undertaken. The most contamination free explants were obtained, when the shoot pieces had been soaked in a solution of fungicides, followed by the dip in 70% alcohol and surface disinfected in 2% NaOCl for 30 minutes. The most good quality shoots were obtained on the MS media supplemented with 0.1 mg·dm-3 BA and 0.01 mg·dm-3 IBA.
Keywords:
pollen viability, pollen germinability, seeds germination, shoot explantsReferences
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Bolat, I., Pirlak, L. (1999). An investigation on pollen viability, germination and tube growth in some stone fruits. Tur. J. Agr. Forest., 23, 383–388.
Brandova, B., Hrones, M., Knitl, M., Richterova, L., Skalova, D., Navratilowa, B., Vasut, R.J. (2011). Biotechnologicke in vitro metody u ohrożenych druhu vrb. Opera Corcont., 48, 79–88.
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Kelly, J.K., Rasch, A., Kalisz, S. (2002). A method to estimate pollen viability from pollen size variation. Am. J. Bot., 89, 1021–1023.
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Rodriguez-Riano, T., Dafni, A. (2000). A new procedure to assess pollen viability. Sex. Plant Reprod., 12, 241–244.
Ruebenbauer, T., Muller, H.W. (1985). Ogólna hodowla roślin. PWN, Warszawa.
Rutkowski, L. (ed.) (2006). A key for the identification of vascular plants of lowland Poland. Polish Sci. Publ. PWN, Warszawa.
Sharma, A., Yadav, A.S., Bajaj, A., Rai, A. (2008). Cost effective in vitro micropropagation protocol for conservation of plant resources with special reference to important medicinal plants. J. Environ. Res. Dev., 2(3), 357–364.
Shivanna, K.R., Linskens, H.F., Cresti, M. (1991). Pollen viability and pollen vigor. Theor. Appl.Gen., 81, 38–42.
Skalova, D., Navratilova, B., Ondrej, V., Lebeda, A. (2010). Optimizing culture for in vitro pollination and fertilization in Cucumis sativus and C. melo. Acta Biol. Cracov. Bot., 52, 111–115.
Skalova, D., Navratilova, B., Richterova, L., Knitl, M., Sochor, M., Vasut, R.J. (2012). Biotechnological methods of in vitro propagation in willows (Salix ssp.). Centr. Eur. J. Biol., 7(5), 931–940.
Śnieżko, R. (1991). Pylniki i pyłek w hodowli in vitro. Wiad. Bot., 35, 23–33.
Sparks, D., Yates, I.E. (2002). Pecan pollen stored over a decade retains viability. Hort. Sci., 37, 176–177.
Tangmitcharoen, S., Owens, J.N. (1997). Pollen viability and pollen-tube growth following controlled pollination and their relation to low fruit production in teak (Tectona grasndis Linn. f.). Ann. Bot., 80, 401–410.
Asma, B.M. (2008). Determination of pollen viability, germination ratios and morphology of eight apricot genotypes. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 7, 4269–4273.
Báez, P., Riveros, M., Lehnebach, C. (2002). Viability and longevity of pollen of Nothofagus species in South Chile. New Zeal. J. Bot., 40, 671–678.
Baker, H.B., Baker, I. (1979). Starch in angiosperm pollen grains and; its evolutionary significance. Amer. J. Bot., 66, 591–600.
Beyhan, N., Serdar, U. (2008). Assessment of pollen viability and germinability in some European chestnut genotypes (Castanea sativa L.). Hort. Sci. (Prague), 35, 171–178.
Bolat, I., Pirlak, L. (1999). An investigation on pollen viability, germination and tube growth in some stone fruits. Tur. J. Agr. Forest., 23, 383–388.
Brandova, B., Hrones, M., Knitl, M., Richterova, L., Skalova, D., Navratilowa, B., Vasut, R.J. (2011). Biotechnologicke in vitro metody u ohrożenych druhu vrb. Opera Corcont., 48, 79–88.
Bunn, E., Turner, S., Panaia, M., Dixon, K.W. (2007). The contribution of in vitro technology and cryogenic storage to conservation of indigenous plants. Aust. J. Bot., 55(3), 345–355.
Dane, F., Olgun, G., Dalgic, O. (2004). In vitro pollen germination of some plant species in basic culture medium. J .Cell. Mol. Biol., 3, 71–76.
Diaz, L., Garay, B.R. (2007). Simple methods for in vitro pollen germination and pollen preservation of selected species of the genus Agave. E-Gnosis., 6, 1–7.
Holobiuc, I., Blindu, R., Cristea, V. (2009). Researches concerning in vitro conservation of the rare plant species Dianthus nardiformis Janka. Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Eq. 23/2009/SE. Special Edition/ On-line, 221–224.
Jaranowski, J. (1965). O żywotności pyłku w warunkach naturalnych i przy ich sztucznym przechowywaniu. Wiad. Bot., 9, 295–304.
Kelly, J.K., Rasch, A., Kalisz, S. (2002). A method to estimate pollen viability from pollen size variation. Am. J. Bot., 89, 1021–1023.
Khan, S.A., Perveen, A. (2008). Germination capacity of stored pollen of Morus alba Moraceae) and their maintenance. Pak. J. Bot., 40, 1823–1826.
Kruszelnicki, J. (2001). Salix lapponum L. (wierzba lapońska). In: Polish red book of plants. Pheridiophytes and flowering plants, Kazimierczakowa, R., Zarzycki, K. (eds.). W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, 73–75
Lyra, D.H., Sampaio, L.S., Pereira, D.A., Silva, A.P., Amaral, C.L.F. (2011). Pollen viability and germination in Jatropha ribifolia and Jatropha mollissima (Euphorbiaceae): Species with potential for biofuel production. Afr. J. Biotech., 10, 368–374.
Lyyra, S., Lima, A., Merkle, S. (2006). In vitro regeneration of Salix nigra from adventitious shoots. Tree Physiol., 26, 969–975.
Marszał-Jagacka, J., Kromer, K., Świerkosz, K. (2005). Ochrona ex situ zagrożonych gatunków paproci z rodzaju Asplenium przy wykorzystaniu kultur in vitro. Biul. Ogr. Bot., 14, 35–42.
Murashige, T., Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant., 15(3), 473–497.
Nassar, N.M.A., Santos, E.D., Sra, D. (2000). The transference of apomixes genes from Manihot neusaria Nassar to cassava, M. eculenta Crantz. Hereditas, 132, 167–170.
Park, S.Y., Kim, Y.W., Moon, H.K., Murthy, H.N., Choi, Y.H., Cho, H.M. (2008). Micropropagation of Salix pseudolasiogyne from nodal segments. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 93, 341–346.
Pogorzelec, M., Bronowicka-Mielniczuk, U., Banach, B., Szczurowska, A., Serafin, A. (2014). Relic boreal willows (Salix lapponum and Salix myrtilloides) as an element of phytocoenoses overgrowing the water bodies in Eastern Poland. Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res., 12, 441–456.
Rodriguez-Riano, T., Dafni, A. (2000). A new procedure to assess pollen viability. Sex. Plant Reprod., 12, 241–244.
Ruebenbauer, T., Muller, H.W. (1985). Ogólna hodowla roślin. PWN, Warszawa.
Rutkowski, L. (ed.) (2006). A key for the identification of vascular plants of lowland Poland. Polish Sci. Publ. PWN, Warszawa.
Sharma, A., Yadav, A.S., Bajaj, A., Rai, A. (2008). Cost effective in vitro micropropagation protocol for conservation of plant resources with special reference to important medicinal plants. J. Environ. Res. Dev., 2(3), 357–364.
Shivanna, K.R., Linskens, H.F., Cresti, M. (1991). Pollen viability and pollen vigor. Theor. Appl.Gen., 81, 38–42.
Skalova, D., Navratilova, B., Ondrej, V., Lebeda, A. (2010). Optimizing culture for in vitro pollination and fertilization in Cucumis sativus and C. melo. Acta Biol. Cracov. Bot., 52, 111–115.
Skalova, D., Navratilova, B., Richterova, L., Knitl, M., Sochor, M., Vasut, R.J. (2012). Biotechnological methods of in vitro propagation in willows (Salix ssp.). Centr. Eur. J. Biol., 7(5), 931–940.
Śnieżko, R. (1991). Pylniki i pyłek w hodowli in vitro. Wiad. Bot., 35, 23–33.
Sparks, D., Yates, I.E. (2002). Pecan pollen stored over a decade retains viability. Hort. Sci., 37, 176–177.
Tangmitcharoen, S., Owens, J.N. (1997). Pollen viability and pollen-tube growth following controlled pollination and their relation to low fruit production in teak (Tectona grasndis Linn. f.). Ann. Bot., 80, 401–410.
Magdalena Pogorzelec
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
Marzena Parzymies
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
Urszula Bronowicka-Mielniczuk
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
Barbara Banach
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
Artur Serafin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
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