Przejdź do głównego menu Przejdź do sekcji głównej Przejdź do stopki
JASBB Baner text

Tom 41 Nr 1 (2025)

Articles

The importance of horses’ senses in a nutritional context

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/jasbb.2025.5578
Przesłane: 29 lipca 2025
Opublikowane: 16.12.2025

Abstrakt

Zmysły konia są bardzo wyostrzone i nastawione na ciągłą analizę bodźców płynących z otoczenia. Ich rola w wyborze odpowiedniej paszy jest bardzo ważna i często niedoceniana przez ich opiekunów. W porównaniu do ich dzikich przodków, obecnie konie nie mają swobody w wyborze rodzaju i ilości paszy. Zamiast tego otrzymują paszę wybraną i przygotowaną przez człowieka. Nierzadko spotyka się zjawisko tzw. neofobii pokarmowej, czyli odmowy spożywania przez konie paszy o nieznanym smaku lub zapachu. Dotyczy to również spożywania suplementów, leków, a czasem nawet wody, co może stanowić spory problem dla użytkowników koni, a nawet prowadzić do zaburzeń zdrowotnych tych zwierząt. Dlatego też niniejszy artykuł porusza temat roli zmysłów koni w kontekście ich żywienia.

Bibliografia

  1. Ahmadinejad M., Hassani A., Kharazian F., 2010. The responses of horses to predator stimuli. Int. J. Vet. Res. 4, 5–9. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJVM.2010.20865
  2. Apfelbach R., Blanchard C.D., Blanchard R.J. et al., 2005. The effects of predator odors in mammalian prey species: a review of field and laboratory studies. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 29, 1123–1144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.05.005
  3. Breed M.D., 2010. Social recognition. In: M.D. Breed, J. More, Animal behavior. Elsevier, 267–272.
  4. Buzek A., Serwańska-Leja K., Zaworska-Zakrzewska A. et al., 2022. The shape of the nasal cavity and adaptations to sniffing in the dog (Canis familiaris) compared to other domesticated mammals: a review article. Animals 12(4), 517. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12040517
  5. Cairns M.C., Cooper J.J., Davidson H.P.B. et al., 2002. Association in horses of orosensory characteristics of foods with their post-ingestive consequences. Anim. Sci. 75, 257–265. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800053017
  6. Chodkiewicz A., 2020. Advantages and disadvantages of Polish primitive horse grazing on valuable nature areas – a review. Glob. Ecol. Conserv. 21, e00879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00879
  7. Christensen J.W., Keeling L.J., Nielsen B.L., 2005. Responses of horses to novel visual, olfactory and auditory stimuli. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 93, 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.06.017
  8. Culda C.A., Stermin A.N., 2019. Horses’ senses involvement in food location and selection. Bul. Univ. Agric. Sci. Vet. Med. Cluj-Napoca, Anim. Sci. Biotechnol 76, 1843–536. https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:0008.19
  9. Fine L.G., Riera C.E., 2019. Sense of smell as the central driver of pavlovian appetite behavior in mammals. Front. Physiol. 10, 1151. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01151
  10. Francis J.M., Neander C.R., Roeder M.J. et al., 2020. The influence of topically applied oil-based palatants on eating behavior in horses. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 91, 102995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.102995
  11. Goodwin D., Davidson H.P.B., Harris P., 2005a. Selection and acceptance of flavours in concentrate diets for stabled horses. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 95, 223–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.04.007
  12. Goodwin D., Davidson H.P.B., Harris P., 2005b. Sensory varieties in concentrate diets for stabled horses: effects on behaviour and selection. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 90, 337–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.08.013
  13. Hanggi E.B., Ingersoll J.F., 2009. Long-term memory for categories and concepts in horses (Equus caballus). Anim. Cogn. 12, 451–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-008-0205-9
  14. Harris P.A., Ellis A.D., Fradinho M.J. et al., 2017. Review: feeding conserved forage to horses: recent advances and recommendations. Animal 11(6), 958–967. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731116002469
  15. Holcombe S.J., Ducharne N.G., 2004. Upper airway function of normal horses during exercise. In: K. W. Hinchcliff, A.J. Kaneps, R.J. Geor, Equine sports medicine and surgery. Elsevier, 541–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7020-2671-3.50030-1
  16. Hothersall B., Harris P., Sörtoft L. et al., 2010. Discrimination between conspecific odour samples in the horse (Equus caballus). Appl Anim Behav Sci. 126, 37–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2010.05.002
  17. Janczarek I., Wilk I., Pietrzak S. et al., 2018. Taste preferences of horses in relation to their breed and sex. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 64, 59–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2018.02.010
  18. Jezierski T., Jaworski Z., Sobczyńska M. et al., 2018. Do olfactory behaviour and marking responses of Konik polski stallions to faeces from conspecifics of their sex differ? Behav. Proc. 155(1), 38–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2017.09.015
  19. Krueger K., Flauger B., 2011. Olfactory recognition of individual competitors by means of faeces in horse (Equus caballus). Anim Cogn. 14, 245–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-010-0358-1
  20. Lansade L., Bouissou M.F., Erhard H.W., 2008a. Fearfulness in horses: a temperament trait stable across time and situations. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 115 (3), 182–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2008.06.011
  21. Lansade L., Pichard G., Lecote M., 2008b. Sensory sensitivies: components of a horse’s temperament dimensions. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 114 (3), 534–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2008.02.012
  22. Lunceford B.E., Kubanek J., 2015. Reception of aversive taste. Integr. Comp. Biol. 55, 507–517. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icv058
  23. Marliani G., Sprocatti I., Schiavoni G. et al., 2021. Evaluation of horses’ daytime activity budget in a model of ethological stable: a case study in Italy. J. Appl. Anim. Welf. Sci. 24, 200–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888705.2020.1857252
  24. Mellor D.J., Beausoleil N.J., 2017. Equine welfare during exercise: an evaluation of breathing, breathlessness and bridles. Animals 7, 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani7060041
  25. Merkies K., Visneki M., Danel J. et al., 2024. Taking the bitter with the sweet – a preliminary study of the short – term response of horses to various tastants in solutions. Int. J. Equine Sci. 3, 12–20.
  26. Mills D., Redgate S., 2017. Behaviour of horses. In: P. Jensen, The ethology of domestic animals: an introductory text, modular texts. CABI Publishing, 137–150. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845935368.0137
  27. Murray J.A., Bloxham C., Kulifay J. et al., 2015. Equine nutrition: a survey of perceptions and practices of horse owners undertaking a massive open online course in equine nutrition. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 35(6), 510–517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2015.02.005
  28. Narloch A., 2016. Postrzeganie i kategoryzacja barw (świat ludzi i zwierząt). Scrip. Neophil. Posn. 16, 69–80. https://doi.org/10.14746/snp.2016.16.04
  29. Naundrup P.J., Svenning J.C., 2015. A geographic assessment of the global scope for rewilding with wild-living horses (Equus ferus). PloS one, 10(7), e0132359. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132359
  30. Nielsen B.L., Jezierski T., Bolhuis J.E. et al., 2015. Olfaction: an overlooked sensory modality in applied ethology and animal welfare. Front. Vet Sci. 2(69). https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2015.00069
  31. Ollivier F.J., Samuelson D.A, Brooks D.E. et al., 2004. Comparative morphology of the tapetum lucidum (among selected species). Vet. Opthalmol. 7, 11–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-5224.2004.00318.x
  32. Orlando L., 2020. Ancient genomes reveal unexpected horse domestication and management dynamics. BioEssays 42(1), 1900164. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.201900164
  33. Paul S.C., Stevens M., 2020. Horse vision and obstacle visibility in horseracing. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 222, 104882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2019.104882
  34. Perry E.B., Handlos G.C., Fenton J.M., 2024. Impacts of olfactory cues on equine feeding behavior. J. Equine Vet. Sci. 138, 105096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105096
  35. Pfister J.A., Garder D.R., Cheney C.C. et al., 2010. The capability of several toxic plants to condition taste aversions in sheep. Small Rumin. Res. 90, 114–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.02.009
  36. Próchniak T., Rozempolska-Rucińska I., Petrykowska M. et al., 2017. Zdolności poznawcze koni w zakresie percepcji wzrokowej i węchowej. Med. Weter. 73, 48–52. https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.5623
  37. Ralston S., 2021. Nutritional requirements of horses and other equids. https://www. msdvetmanual.com/management-andnutrition/nutrition-horses/nutritional-requirements-of-horses-and-other-equids [date of access 15.07.2025]
  38. Roig-Pons M., Bachmann I., Briefer Freymond S., 2025. Impact of feeding strategies on the welfare and behaviour of horses in groups: an experimental study. PLoS One 20(6), e0325928. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0325928
  39. Rørvang M.V., Jensen M.B., Nielsen B.L., 2017. Development of test for determining olfactory investigation of complex odours in cattle. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 196, 84–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2017.07.008
  40. Rørvang M.V., Mikulášková K., Yngvesson J., 2021. Testing olfaction in equids: age and gestational stage affects olfactory interest. Res. Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-957361/v1
  41. Rørvang M.V., Nicova K., Yngvesson J., 2022. Horse odor exploration behavior is influenced by pregnancy and age. Front. Behav. Neurosci. 16, 941517. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.941517
  42. Rørvang M.V., Nielsen B.L., McLean A.N., 2020. Sensory abilities of horses and their importance for equitation science. Front. Vet. Sci. 7, 633. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00633
  43. Roth L.S., Balkenius A., Kelber A., 2008. The absolute threshold of colour vision on the horse. PLoS ONE, 3, e3711. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003711
  44. Sabiniewicz A., Borowicz H., Geminiani G. et al., 2023. Behavioral responses of horses (Equus ferus caballus) vary in response to potentially threatening odor condition and aversive social odor stimuli. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 266, 106023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2023.106023
  45. Sahu B.K., Parganiha A., Pati A.K., 2020. Behavior and foraging ecology of cattle: a review. J. Vet. Behav. 40, 50–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2020.08.004
  46. Sankey C., Henry S., Andre N. et al., 2011. Do horses have a concept of person? PLoS ONE 6, 4–7. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018331
  47. Sarrafchi A., Blokhuis H.J., 2013. Equine stereotypic behaviors: causation, occurrence, and prevention. J. Vet. Behav. 8, 386–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2013.04.068
  48. Saslow C.A., 2002. Understanding the perceptual words of horses. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 78, 209–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(02)00092-8
  49. Sroka L., Müller C., Hass M.L. et al., 2022. Horses’ rejection behaviour towards the presence of Senecio jacobea L. in hay. BMC Vet. Res. 18, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-03124-0
  50. Stachurska A., Tkaczyk E., Różańska-Boczula M. et al., 2022. Horses’ response to a novel diet: different herbs added to dry, wet or wet-sweetened oats. Animals 12, 1334. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12111334
  51. Stegelmeier B.L., 2011. Pyrrolizidine alkaloid-containing toxic plants (Senecio, Crotalaria, Cynoglossum, Amsinckia, Heliotropium, and Echium spp.). Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 27(2), 419–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2011.02.013
  52. Stone S.M., 2010. Human facial discrimination in horses: can they tell us apart? Anim. Cogn. 13, 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-009-0244-x
  53. Timney B., Macuda T., 2001. Vision and hearing in horses. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 218, 1567–1574. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2001.218.1567
  54. Tomczyński R., Minakowski D., Kuleta Z. et al., 2002a. Studies on the use of flavour preparations in the feed mixtures for adult horses. Pol. J. Nat. Sci. 12(3), 187–196.
  55. Tomczyński R., Minakowski D., Kuleta Z. et al., 2002b. Studies on the use of flavour preparations in the feed mixtures for foals. Pol. J. Nat. Sci. 13(1), 135–141.
  56. Van den Berg M., Brown W.Y., Lee C. et al., 2015. Browse – related behaviors of pastured horses in Australia: a survey. J. Vet. Behav. 10, 48–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2014.11.001
  57. Van den Berg M., Giagos V., Lee C. et al., 2016a. The influence of odour, taste and nutrients on feeding behaviour and food preferences in horses. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 184, 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2016.08.015
  58. Van den Berg M., Giagos V., Lee C. et al., G.N., 2016b. Acceptance of novel food by horses: the influence of food cues and nutrient composition. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 183, 59–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2016.07.005
  59. Wilk I., Wnuk E., Stachurska A. et al., 2024. Explorative behaviour in horses when presented with unfamiliar poisonous and non-poisonous plants. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 277, 106352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2024.106352
  60. Zeitler-Feicht M.H., 2014. Zachowania koni. Przyczyny, terapia i profilaktyka. Świadome Jeździectwo, Warszawa.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Podobne artykuły

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

Możesz również Rozpocznij zaawansowane wyszukiwanie podobieństw dla tego artykułu.