Wsiewki międzyplonowe ze słomą jako źródło biomasy w integrowanej uprawie ziemniaka jadalnego

Abstrakt

The present paper discusses the results of investigations from 1991-1994. Their purpose is to estimate the influence of under-plant crops with straw on the yielding and nutritive value of table potato cv. Bronka. This experiment investigated such combinations of organic fertilization as control treatment (without organic fertilization), farmyard manure, and also under- -plant crops of red clover, a mixture of red clover with Italian ryegrass, Italian ryegrass over-ploughed in whole or in form of after-harvest residues in combination with straw. The content of dry matter and macroelements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) was marked in investigated organic fertilizers. In the first years after organic fertilization table potatoes were cultivated. During the harvest, the yield of tubers, dry mass was estimated on each field, and then tests were made to mark the content of dry mass, starch, C vitamin and total protein. The under-plant crops over ploughed in whole in combinations with straw gave needed more organic matter, about 45.1%, than farmyard manure. But after-harvest residues with straw relating to this feature were equal to farmyard manure. Among the investigated forms of fertilization the highest rate of macroelements were put into the soil in the mixture of red clover with Italian ryegrass over ploughed in whole in combinations with straw. The highest yields of dry mass of tubers were achieved from treatments which had been fertilized with red clover over ploughed in whole or in form of after-harvest residues in combinations with straw. The nutritive value of potato fertilized with red clover and also mixtures of red clover with Italian ryegrass over ploughed in whole or in form of after-harvest residues in combinations with straw was equal to the nutritive value of tubers fertilized with farmyard manure.