Agrofenologia pszenżyta jarego w Polsce

Abstrakt

In the present study the time and spatial process of triticale growth in the years 1984-1999 was considered. The main materials were the results of agrophenological observations of spring triticale in 50 experimental stations in Poland including the dates of sowing, emergence, tillering, shooting, heading, wax maturity and harvest. The statistical characterization of agrophenophases dates and duration of development periods were included. Maps of the spatial disposition of agrophenophases dates and the duration of sowing - wax maturity and sowing - harvest periods were drafted. The time differentiation of development phases course of spring triticale on the territory of Poland does not go beyond two weeks, whereas in the following years the dates of the beginning of agrophenophases can differ even by four weeks. Spring triticale agrophenophases started in southwest Poland the earliest, and in the north-east part of the country the latest. The mean duration of the period from sowing to wax maturity was up to 121 days, from an average below 110 days in eastern and north-eastern Poland to over 125 days in the Pomerania Lake District region and in the southern part of the Wielkopolska and Mazowsze regions. In the years when sowing was later than usual the period from sowing to wax maturity was significantly shorter.