Abstract
Alnus glutinosa and A. incana (Betulaceae), are a small to medium size tree, native to the Northern Hemisphere. The leaves of this species are used in the Republic of Belarus as a source of antioxidants. The aim of this work was investigation of antioxidant activities and total phenolics content in various extracts obtained using water, mixture water with ethanol (from 9:1 to 2:8), and ethanol from A. glutinosa and A. incana leaves. Phenolics content was determined by method with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and calculated on ellagic acid. The antioxidant activities were measured utilising 1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test. The highest phenolics concentration was observed in the extracts prepared by extraction with the mixture of water:ethanol from 7:3 to 3:7 and ranged from 17.82% to 18.96% for A. glutinosa and from 10.82% to 12.55% for A. incana. This extracts exhibited the highest free radical scavenging activity ranging from 49.21% to 49.42% and from 41.28% to 41.67% for A. glutinosa and A. incana respectively, comparable to the activity of quercetin. Therefore the mixture of water:ethanol from 7:3 to 3:7 should be used for preparing extracts from this species for medicinal purposes. Results also indicated the existence of a high correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolics content.
References
Buniatian N.D., Chikitkina V.V., Jakovleva L.V., 1998. The hepatoprotective action of ellagitannins. Eksperimental’naia Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia 61, 53–55.
Cahen R., Poisson J., 1971. Pharmacological study of Alnus glutinosa Gaertn. Bark. C. R. Seances Soc. Biol. Fil. 165, 820–822.
Chandra S., Gonzalez de Mejia E., 2004.Polyphenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Capacity, and Quinone Reductase Activity of an Aqueous Extract of Ardisia compressa in Comparison to Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and Green (Camellia sinensis) Teas. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52, 3583–3589.
Hoppe H.A., 1958. Europäische Drogen. Cram, de Gruyter & CO, Hamburg.
Masuoka N., Matsuda M., Kubo I., 2012. Characterization of the antioxidant activity of flavonoids. Food Chem. 131, 541–545.
Middleton P., Steward F., Al-Quahtani S., Egan P., Abdulrahman A., Byres M., Middleton M., Shoeb M., Nahar L., Delazar A., Sarker S., 2005. Antioxidant, Antibacterial activities and General Toxicity of Alnus glutinosa, Fraxinus excelsior and Papaver rhoedas. Iran. J. Pharm. Res. 2, 81–86.
Mingeot D., Baleux R., Watillon B., 2010. Characterization of microsatellite markers for black alder (Alnus glutinosa [L.] Gaertn.). Conservation Genetetic Resources 2, 269.
Mushkina O.V., 2008.Standardisation of the Alnus glutinosa and Alnus incana leaves. Vest. VGMU 7, 144 (www.vinti.ru).
Mushkina O.V., Gurina N.S., 2007.Quantitative determination of the phenolic compounds in the leaves of Alnus glutinosa. Vest. Pharm. 38, 3 (www.vinti.ru).
Landet J.M., 2011. Ellagitannins, ellagic acid and their derived metabolites: A review about source, metabolism, functions and health. Food Research International. 44, 1150–1160.
Pasich B., Kowalewski Z., 1966.Triterpenoid compounds in plant material. Part X Isolation of lupenon from the bark of Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. Dissert. Pharm. Pharmacol.18, 275–280.
Pasich B., Kowalewski Z., Grzybek P., 1966.Triterpenoid and sterol compounds in plant material. Part XII. Isolation of glutinon, taraxerol and -sitosterol from the bark of Alnus glutinosa (L.)
Gaertn. Dissert. Pharm. Pharmacol. 18, 385–390.
PDR for Herbal Medicines. 2004. 3rd edn. Medical Economics Company Montvale, New Yersey.
Prior R.L., Wu X.L., Schaich K., 2005. Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53, 4290–4302.
Republic of Belarus Pharmakopoeia., 2008. Molodechno, Tipographia, Pobieda 389–391, 392–394.
Stević T., Savikin K., Zdunić G., Stanojković T., Juranić Z., Janković T., Menković N., 2010. Antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activity of Alnus incana (L.) ssp. incana Moench and A. viridis (Chaix) DC ssp. viridis extracts. J. Med. Food 13, 700–704.
Zhu K.X., Lian C.X., Guo X.N., Peng W., Zhou H.M., 2011. Antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents of various extracts from defatted wheat germ. Food Chem. 126, 1122–1126.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
