Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
ASPHC Baner

Vol. 22 No. 5 (2023)

Articles

Defoliation and water leaf potential effects on oenological properties of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) grape must

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2023.5051
Submitted: January 27, 2023
Published: 2023-10-30

Abstract

This research was carried out to determine the effects of leaf water potential and defoliation treatments on the oenological properties of grape must. Merlot/41B graft combination grapevines were cultivated in Chateau Kalpak vineyards in Tekirdağ, Şarköy. The trial was carried out for two consecutive years in the vineyard in the vegetation periods of 2019–2020 and 2020–2021. Leaf water potential treatments were S0 (Control = no irrigation), S1 (–0.3/–0.5 MPa), S2 (–0.5/–0.7 MPa) and S3 (<–0.7 MPa) and defoliation treatments were implemented as; Control(C), Full Window(FW), Right Window(RW) and Left Window (LW). As a result, the S2 (–0.5 MPa and –0.7 MPa) stress level resulted in more balanced responses, as seen in the combination of years in terms of both primary and secondary metabolites. The RW defoliation treatment may cause higher primary and secondary metabolite values in all criteria.

References

  1. Alço, T. (2019). [The effects of leaf removal practices at different periods on oenological maturity of cv. Gamay]. M.Sc dissertation. Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Universtiy. In Turkish.
  2. AOAC (1998). Official methods of analysis. 16th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington.
  3. Bahar, E., Korkutal, I., Kurt, C. (2011). [Water deficit effect on different phenologic growth stages in grape berry growing, development and quality]. TUJNS 12, 23–34. In Turkish.
  4. Blouin, J., Guimberteau, G. (2000). Maturation et maturite des raisins. Bordeaux, Feret.
  5. Bubola, M., Sivilotti, P., Rossi, S., Bestulić, E., Plavša, T., Radeka, S. (2022). Impact of canopy management practices on phenolic composition and sensory profile of cv. Teran wine. BIO Web Conf., 44, 02001. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224402001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224402001
  6. Candar, S. (2022). The effects of water restriction on leaf morphological characteristics and vegetative growth components in Vitis vinifera L. cultivars. 5th Agriculture, Environment and Health Congress, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, 17–19 February 2022, Aydın, Turkey, 83–95.
  7. Candar, S. (2023). How abiotic stress induced by artificial wounding changes maturity levels and berry composition of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.). Eur. Food Res. Technol., 249, 2611–2623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-023-04318-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-023-04318-6
  8. Candar, S., Açıkbaş, B., Korkutal, İ., Bahar, E. (2021). [The effects of water deficit on leaf and stoma morphological properties of wine grapes in Thrace Region]. KSU J. Agric. Nat., 24(4), 766–776. In Turkish. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.738285 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.738285
  9. Candar, S., Bahar, E., Korkutal, I. (2020). Impacts of leaf area on the physiological activity and berry maturation of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.). Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res., 18(1), 1523–1538. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1801_15231538 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1801_15231538
  10. Candar, S., Bahar, E., Korkutal, I., Alço, T., Gülcü, M. (2019). [The effects of different green pruning applications on berry maturaton in Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.)]. AMU Fac. of Agric. J. Agric Sci., 16(1), 53–61. In Turkish. https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.520923 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.520923
  11. Candar, S., Korkutal, İ., Bahar, E. (2022). Changes of vine water status and growth parameters under different canopy managements on cv. Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.). J. Tekirdag Agric. Fac., 19(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.795232 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.795232
  12. Candar, S. (2018). [Effects of different canopy microclimates on physiological responses and quality of cv. Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.)]. Doctoral dissertation. Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Universtiy. In Turkish.
  13. Castañeda-Ovando, A., Pacheco-Hernández, M.D.L., Páez-Hernández, M.E., Rodríguez, J.A., Galán-Vidal, C.A. (2009). Chemical studies of anthocyanins: a review. Food Chem., 113(4), 859–871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.09.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.09.001
  14. Cemeroğlu, B. (2007). [Gıda analizleri]. Gıda Teknolojisi Dernegi Yayınları, 34, Ankara. In Turkish.
  15. Chacón, J.L., García, E., Martínez, J., Romero, R., Gómez, S. (2009). Impact of the vine water status on the berry and seed phenolic composition of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivated in a warm climate: consequence for the style of wine. Vitis-Geilweilerhof, 48(1), 7–9.
  16. Chitwood, D.H., Rundell, S.M., Li, D.Y., Woodford, Q.L., Yu, T.T, Lopez, J.R., Greenblatt, D., Kang, J., Londo, J.P. (2016). Climate and developmental plasticity: interannual variability in grapevine leaf morphology. Plant Physiol., 170(3), 1480–1491. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.15.01825 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.15.01825
  17. Cox, J. (1999). From Vines to Wines. Storey Publishing, LLC.
  18. Esteban, M.A., Villanueva, M.J., Lissarrague, J.R. (2002). Relationships between different berry components in Tempranillo (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes from ırrigated and non-ırrigated vines during ripening. J. Sci. Food Agric., 82(10), 1136–1146. https://doi.org/10.1002/Jsfa.1149 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1149
  19. Ferlito, F., Allegra, M., Torrisi, B., Pappalardo, H., Gentile, A., La Malfa, S., Continella, A., Stagno, F., Nicolosi, E. (2019). Early defoliation effects on water status, fruit yield and must quality of Nerello mascalese grapes. Sci. Agric., 77(6). https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992X-2019-0025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2019-0025
  20. Ferrer, M., Echeverría, G., Carbonneau, A. (2014). Effect of berry weight and ıts components on the contents of sugars and anthocyanins of three varieties of Vitis vinifera L. under different water supply conditions. S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic., 35(1), 103–113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21548/35-1-989
  21. Gülbasar Kandilli, G., Atak, A ., Doyğacı, Y., Candar, S., Söylemezoğlu, G., Yılmaz, E. (2022). Disease resistance and fruit quality characteristics of 12 Vitis spp. grown in a humid-like climate region. Int. J. Agric. Environ. Food Sci. 6(3), 457–470. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2022.3.16 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2022.3.16
  22. Harbertson, J.F., Kennedy, J.A., Adams, D.O. (2002). Tannin in skins and seeds of Cabernet sauvignon, Syrah, and Pinot noir berries during ripening. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 53(1), 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2002.53.1.54 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2002.53.1.54
  23. INRA, (2007). [Determination d’anthocyanes en echantillons de raisin. Mode Operatiore]. Ref: MO-LAB-23.
  24. Keller, M., Romero, P., Gohil, H., Smithyman, R.P., Riley, W.R., Casassa, L.F., Harbertson, J.F. (2016). Deficit irrigation alters grapevine growth. Physiology, and fruit microclimate. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 67, 426–435. https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2016.16032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2016.16032
  25. Korkutal, İ., Bahar, E., Bayram, S. (2017). [Effects of different soil tillages and leaf removal applications on shoot and leaf characteristics and water stress of cv. Syrah]. J. Tekirdag Agric. Fac., 15(1), 1–13. In Turkish.
  26. Kotseridis, Y., Georgiadou, A., Tikos, P., Kallithraka, S., Koundouras, S. (2012). Effects of severity of post-flowering leaf removal on berry growth and composition of three red Vitis vinifera L. cultivars grown under semiarid conditions. J. Agric. Food Chem., 60(23), 6000–6010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf300605j
  27. Lorenz, D., Eichhorn, K., Bleiholder, H., Klose, R., Meier., U. (1995). Phenological growth stages of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. ssp. vinifera) – codes and descriptions according to the extended BBCH scale. Aust. J. Grape Wine Res., 1(2), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755 0238.1995.tb00085.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0238.1995.tb00085.x
  28. O’Kennedy, K., Reid, G. (2008). Yeast nutrient management in winemaking. Austral. New Zeal. Grape­grower Winemaker., 537, 92–101.
  29. Ojeda, H., Andary, C., Kraeva, E., Carbonneau, A., Deloire, A. (2002). Influence of pre- and post-veraison water deficit on synthesis and concentration of skin phenolic compounds during berry growth of Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz. Am. J. Enol. Vitic, 53(4), 261–267.
  30. Palliotti, A., Panara, F., Silvestroni, O., Lanari, V., Sabbatini, P., Howell, G.S., Gatti, M., Poni, S. (2013). Influence of mechanical postveraison leaf removal apical to cluster zone on delay of fruit ripening in Sangiovese (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevines. Aust. J. Grape Wine Res., 19, 369–377. https://doi.org/10.1111/ ajgw.12033 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajgw.12033
  31. Paredes-López, O., Cervantes-Ceja, M.L., Vigna-Pérez, M., Hernández-Pérez, T. (2010). Berries: improving human health and healthy aging, and promoting quality life a review. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr., 65(3), 299–308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-010-0177-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-010-0177-1
  32. Ribéreau-Gayon. P., Glories, Y., Maujean, A., Dubourdieau, D. (2000). Handbook of enology. The chemistry of wine and stabilization and treatments. John Wiley And Sons Ltd.
  33. Roby, G., Harbertson, J.F., Adams, D.A., Matthews, M.A. (2004). Berry size and vine water deficits as factors in winegrape composition: anthocyanins and tannins. Aust. J. Grape Wine Res., 10(2), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0238.2004.tb00012.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0238.2004.tb00012.x
  34. Rossouw, G.C., Suklje, K., Smith, J.P., Barril, C., Deloire, A., Holzapfel, B.P. (2018). Vitis vinifera berry metabolic composition during maturation: implications of defoliation. Physiol. Plant., 164(2), 120–133. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.12715 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.12715
  35. Sweetman, C.V., Sadras. O., Hancock, R.D., Soole, K.L., Ford, C.M. (2014). Metabolic effects of elevated temperature on organic acid degradation in ripening Vitis vinifera Fruit. J. Experim. Bot., 65(20), 5975–5988. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru343 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru343
  36. Tarara, J.M., Lee, J. (2019). An introduction to environmental ınfluences on ripening in grapes: focus on wine grapes and phenolics. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Available from: https://grapes.extension.org/an-introduction-to-environmental-influences-on-ripening-in-grapes-focus-on-wine-grapes-and-phenolics/ [date of access: 24.01.2023].
  37. Tardaguila, J., de Toda, F.M., Poni, S., Diago, M.P. (2010). Impact of early leaf removal on yield and fruit and wine composition of Vitis vinifera L. Graciano and Carignan. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 61, 372–381. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2010.61.3.372
  38. Teker, T., Altindisli, A. (2021). Excessive pruning levels in young grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sultan 7) cause water loss in seedless cluster berries. Int. J. Fruit Sci., 21, 979–992. https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2021.1964416 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2021.1964416
  39. Tozer, W.C., Rice, B., Westoby, M. (2015). Evolutionary divergence of leaf width and ıts correlates. Am. J. Bot., 102(3), 367–78. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1400379 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1400379
  40. Waterhouse, A.L. (2002). Determination of total phenolics. Curr. Protoc. Food Anal. Chem., 6, 11.11–11.18.
  41. Yamane, T., Shibayama, K. (2006). Effects of changes in the sensitivity to temperature on skin coloration in ‘Aki Queen’ grape berries. J. Japan Soc. Hort. Sci., 75(6), 458–462. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.75.458
  42. Yılmaz, E., Çiçek, İ. (2018). [Detailed Köppen-Geiger climate regions of Turkey]. J. Hum. Sci., 15(1), 225–242. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i1.5040 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i1.5040

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.