Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
ASPHC Baner

Vol. 23 No. 1 (2024)

Articles

The effects of high temperature and low humidity on crop water stress index of seed pumpkin plants (Cucurbita pepo L.) in semi-arid climate conditions

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2024.5287
Submitted: October 20, 2023
Published: 2024-02-29

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high temperature and low humidity on the crop water stress index (CWSI) of seed pumpkin plants grown under semi-arid climate conditions to determine the optimum irrigation time. This research unveils the critical impact of high temperature and low humidity on seed pumpkin growth, emphasizing the vital role of the CWSI in optimizing irrigation strategies and seed yield. Moreover, the relationship between CWSI, physiological parameters, and seed yield of the pumpkin was investigated. The mean CWSI values in the I70 (0.40) and I35 (0.56) treatments were 42% and 100% higher, respectively than those in the full irrigation (I100) treatment (0.28). While the I70 treatment showed manageable water stress with minimal impact, the I35 treatment experienced severe stress, significantly reducing crop growth and yield. The mean seed yield (SY) in the I70 treatment increased to 1245.2 kg ha–1 compared to I35 (903.3 kg ha–1) but remained lower than I100 (1339.3 kg ha–1). The CWSI had negative correlations (p ≤ 0.01) with seed yield, chlorophyll content, and leaf area index, while it had positive correlations with water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency (p ≤ 0.01). This study showed that pumpkins could be grown successfully at 30% water deficit conditions, and a water deficit higher than 30% may cause a significant seed yield loss in semi-arid climate conditions. In addition, the results highlight the importance of optimal irrigation and CWSI monitoring for informed irrigation decisions and sustainable agricultural practices. Therefore, moderate water deficit (I70) can be adopted in pumpkin cultivation as an alternative to full irrigation.

References

  1. Al-Ghzawi, A.L.A., Khalaf, Y.B., Al-Ajlouni, Z.I., AL-Quraan, N.A., Musallam, I., Hani, N.B. (2018). The effect of supplemental irrigation on canopy temperature depression, chlorophyll content, and water use efficiency in three wheat (Triticum aestivum L. and T. durum Desf.) varieties grown in dry regions of Jordan. Agriculture 8(5), 67. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8050067 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8050067
  2. Allison, L.E., Moodie, C.D. (1965). Carbonate. In: Methods of soil analysis, C.A. Black (ed.). Part 2. Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 1379–1398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.c40
  3. Anda, A. (2009). Irrigation timing in maize by using the crop water stress index (CWSI). Cereal Res. Commun. 37(4), 603–610. https://doi.org/10.1556/crc.37.2009.4.15 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/CRC.37.2009.4.15
  4. Blake, G.R., Hartge, K.H. (1986). Bulk density. In: Methods of soil analysis. Part 1, Klute, A. (ed.). Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, USA, pp. 363–382. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.1.2ed.c13
  5. Bouazzama, B., Xanthoulis, D., Bouaziz, A., Ruelle, P., Mailhol, J.C. (2012). Effect of water stress on growth, water consumption and yield of silage maize under flood irrigation in a semi-arid climate of Tadla (Morocco). Biotechnol. Agron. Soc. Environ. 16(4), 468–477.
  6. Chartzoulakis, K., Bertaki, M. (2015). Sustainable water management in agriculture under climate change. Agric. Agric. Sci. Proc. 4, 88–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.03.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.03.011
  7. Cheng, M., Wang, H., Fan, J., Zhang, F., Wang, X. (2021). Effects of soil water deficit at different growth stages on maize growth, yield, and water use efficiency under alternate partial root-zone irrigation. Water 13(2), 148. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13020148 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w13020148
  8. Fattahi, K., Babazadeh, H., Najafi, P., Sedghi, H. (2018). Scheduling maize irrigation through crop water stressindex (CWSI). Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res. 16(6), 7535–7549. https://10.15666/aeer/1606_75357549 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1606_75357549
  9. GDM. General directorate of meteorology (2022). Available: https://www.mgm.gov.tr/genel/meteoroloji.aspx [date of access: 9.10.2022].
  10. Gee, G.W., Bauder, J.W. (1986). Particle-size analysis. In: Page, A.L. (ed.). Methods of soil analysis. Part 1, Physical and Mineralogical Methods, 2nd ed., vol. 9, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, pp. 383–411. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.1.2ed.c15
  11. Gençoğlan, C., Yazar, A. (1999). Determination of crop water stress index (CWSI) and irrigation timing by utilising infrared thermometer values on the first corn grown under Çukurova conditions. Turk. J. Agric. Forest. 23(1), 87–95. Available: https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/agriculture/vol23/iss1/11 [date of access: 15.09.2023].
  12. Howell, T.A., Yazar, A., Schneider, A.D., Dusek, D.A., Copeland, K.S. (1992). LEPA irrigation of corn and sorghum. Center Pivot Field at USDA-ARS. Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, Bushland, Tx.
  13. Idso, S.B., Jackson, R.D, Pinter, P.J., Reginato, R.J, Hatfield, J.L. (1981). Normalizing the stress-degree-day parameter for environmental variability. Agric. Meteorol. 24, 45–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-1571(81)90032-7
  14. Idso, S.B. (1982). Non-water-stressed baselines: a key to measuring and interpreting plant water stress. Agric. Meteorol. 27(1–2), 59–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-1571(82)90020-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-1571(82)90020-6
  15. Irmak, S., Haman, D.Z., Bastug, R. (2000). Determination of crop water stress index for irrigation timing and yield estimation of corn. Agron. J. 92(6), 1221–1227. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2000.9261221x DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2000.9261221x
  16. Kara, S., Sahin, M. (2021). Water-yield relations of drip irrigated maize in arid and semi-arid regions. Anadolu J. AARI, 31(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.18615/anadolu.949833 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18615/anadolu.949833
  17. Kayam, Y.M., Beyazgül., Y.M., Yazar, A. (2000). Use of infrared thermometer technique in irrigation scheduling of cotton plant. Soil Water Res. Res., 312–326.
  18. Kirnak, H., Irik, H.A., Unlukara, A. (2019). Potential use of crop water stress index (CWSI) in irrigation scheduling of drip-irrigated seed pumpkin plants with different irrigation levels. Sci. Hortic. 256, 108608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108608 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108608
  19. Klute, A. (1986). Water retention: laboratory methods. In: Klute, A. (ed.). Methods of soil analysis. Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Methods, American Society of Agronomy Madison, pp. 635–662. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.1.2ed.c26
  20. Nelson, D.W., Sommer, L.E. (1982). Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In: Page, A.L. (ed.). Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties. Agronomy Series 9, ASA, SSSA, Madison, pp. 539–579. Nevşehir Commodity Exchange (2024). [Nevşehir pumpkin seeds], No. 415. Available: https://ci.turkpatent.gov.tr/Files/GeographicalSigns/c7021c07-9075-4e68-a82c-63f2827fbec4.pdf [date of access: 7.01.2024]. In Turkish.
  21. Nielsen, D.C. (1990). Scheduling irrigations for soybeans with the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI). Field Crops Research 23(2),103–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(90)90106-L DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(90)90106-L
  22. Ödemiş, R., Baştug, R. (2019). Assessing crop water stress and irrigation scheduling in cotton through use of infrared thermometry technique. Turk. J. Agric. Fores. 23(1), 31–37.
  23. Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. United States Department of Agriculture 939, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC.
  24. Orta, A.H., Erdem, Y., Erdem, T. (2003). Crop water stress index for watermelon. Sci. Hortic. 98(2), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(02)00215-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(02)00215-7
  25. Papanikolaou, C.D., Sakellariou-Makrantonaki, M.A. (2020). Estimation of corn leaf area index and ground cover with vegetation indices as a result of irrigation dose. J. Agric. Sci. 12(12), 234–244. http://10.5539/jas.v12n12p234 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n12p234
  26. Rashid, M.T., Voroney, P., Parkin, G. (2005). Predicting nitrogen fertilizer requirements for corn by chlorophyll meter under different N availability conditions. Can. J. Soil Sci., 85(1), 147–159. https://doi.org/10.4141/S04-005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/S04-005
  27. Rhoades, J.D. (1982). Soluble salts. In: Page, A.L. (ed.). Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Agron. Monogr. 9, ASA and SSSA, Madison, pp. 167–178.
  28. Rolbiecki, R., Yücel, A., Kocięcka, J., Atilgan, A., Marković, M., Liberacki, D. (2022). Analysis of SPI as a drought indicator during the maize growing period in the Çukurova region (Turkey). Sustainability 14(6), 3697. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063697 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063697
  29. Rolbiecki, S., Rolbiecki, R., Jagosz, B., Kasperska-Wołowicz, W., Kanecka-Geszke, E., Stachowski, P., Kocięcka, J., Bąk, B. (2023). Water needs of sweet cherry trees in the light of predicted climate warming in the Bydgoszcz region, Poland. Atmosphere 14(3), 511. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14030511 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14030511
  30. Ru, C., Hu, X., Wang, W., Ran, H., Song, T., Guo, Y. (2020). Evaluation of the crop water stress index as an indicator for the diagnosis of grapevine water deficiency in greenhouses. Horticulturae 6(4), 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae6040086 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae6040086
  31. Sarker, K.K., Hossain, A., Timsina, J., Biswas, S.K., Kundu, B.C., Barman, A., Faisa, K., Murad, I., Aktera, F. (2019). Yield and quality of potato tuber and its water productivity are influenced by alternate furrow irrigation in a raised bed system. Agric. Water Manag. 224, 105750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105750 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105750
  32. Seymen, M., Yavuz, D., Dursun, A., Kurtara, E.S., Türkmen, O. (2019). Identification of drought-tolerant pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) genotypes associated with certain fruit characteristics, seed yield, and quality. Agric. Water Manag. 221, 150–159, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.05.009
  33. Soil Survey Staff (1996). Soil survey laboratory methods manual. Soil Survey Investigations Rep. 42, Version 2.0. 693–1036.
  34. Tuzuner, A. (1990). Soil and water analysis laboratories handbook. T.R. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Affairs. General Directorate of Rural Services, Ankara/Turkey.
  35. Wang, J., Kang, S., Zhang, F., Li, Z. (2011). Effects of controlled alternate partial rootzone irrigation on soil microorganism and growth of maize. Sci. Agric. Sin. 39(10), 2056–2062. https://europepmc.org/article/cba/629915
  36. Wang, X., Wang, G., Guo, T., Xing, Y., Mo, F., Wang, H., Fan, J., Zhang, F. (2020). Effects of plastic mulch and nitrogen fertiliser on the soil microbial community, enzymatic activity and yield performance in a dryland maize cropping system. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 72(1), 400–412. https://10.1111/ejss.12954 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12954

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Similar Articles

<< < 72 73 74 75 76 77 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.