Abstrakt
The problem of soil fatigue occur in polish orchards more and more often. This problem can cause to lower profitability of the production. Studies were carried out in an experimental orchard in the years 2008–2010. The objective of the presented studies was the determination of the earlier applied method of soil utilization on the growth and yield of `Topaz` apple-tree cultivar. Apple-trees were planted in fivesoil localities: 1 – directly in grubbed up rows of an apple-tree orchard, 2 – in herbicide fallow belts of grubbed up apple-tree orchard, 3 – in turf belts of grabbed up apple-tree orchard, 4 – in a locality after a four-year break in apple-tree cultivation, without any preparatory treatments and 5 – in a soil after previous agricultural use – virgin soil. During the realization of our studies, an estimation was carried out of the trunk cross-section, of leaf blade area and of the yield, size and fruits quality. Our studies have shown an influence of the soil locality on the
yielding of trees which ten years after replantation was very low amounting on the average to about 4 t·ha-1 in case of apple trees planted directly in the place of the grubbed up trees, while in the virgin soil, the yield reached up to 40 t·ha-1. The growth of trees planted in the locality after replantation was also significantly poorer, in comparison with the apple trees planted in the soil which was agriculturally utilized before.
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