EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON FRUIT SPLINTING IN THOMPSON NAVEL ORANGE

Abstrakt

Fruit splitting is one of main problems extensively observed in citrus-growing area located in the northern parts of Iran. In order to investigate the effect of 2,4-D and GA₃ on incidence of fruit splitting in Thompson ‘navel’ orange, an experiment, as a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, was carried out in two consecutive years of 2016 and 2017. The main factors of this experiment included timing of spray at different growth stages (full bloom, petal fall, and June drop), 2, 4-D (0, 10, 20 mg L^–1), and GA₃ (0, 50, and 100 mg L^–1). In the end of experiment, the characteristics including fruit length, fruit diameter, rind thickness, cellulase and polygalacturonase activities, total soluble solid, percentage of split fruit, and fruit yield were measured. Results showed that using 2, 4-D and GA₃ not only decreased the rate of fruit splitting but also increased fruit yield as compared to controls. The highest fruit length, fruit diameter, rind thickness, total soluble solid and the lowest activities of cellulase and polygalacturonase were obtained using 100 mg L^–1 GA₃ and 20 mg L^–1 2, 4 D during the full bloom. In general, the results revealed that using 2, 4-D and GA₃ during the full bloom increased fruit yield while reduced fruit splitting and maintained the qualitative characteristics of Thompson ‘navel’ orange.