POSSIBILITIES TO IMPROVE SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES IN GARLIC CULTIVATION WITH COVER CROPS AS LIVING MULCHES

Andrzej Sałata

Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Live Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

Hector Moreno-Ramon

Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain

Sara Ibáñez-Asensio

Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain

Halina Buczkowska

Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Live Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

Renata Nurzyńska-Wierdak

Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Live Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

Agata Witorożec

Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Live Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

Marzena Parzymies

Department of Ornamental Plants and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland



Abstract

The cultivation system with cover crops as living mulches is growing in importance in the worldwide agriculture as it combines an economical effect with pro-ecological and soil protecting activities. The plant species tested in the research were not frost resistant: buckwheat, millet, white mustard and berseem clover.
A control were the plots without cover crops. The intercrops were sown in the first decade of August, in autumn a grown biomass was a living mulch, and after being damaged by frost in spring, the mulch was covering ground surface. Winter garlic bulbs were planted in grown biomass of cover plants, in the first decade
of September. In the first decade of November and in the first decade of April, the selected soil parameters were determined in the soil layer of 0–10 cm: actual soil moisture (%), soil bulk density (Mg · m–3), total porosity (%) and water stability of soil aggregates (%). The harvest of garlic was conducted in the first decade
of July. Cover crops mulches had an influence on soil physical properties. In spring, the soil from plots with cover crops mulching characterized with the highest moisture, higher total porosity and soil aggregates stability as well as lower soil bulk density. In comparison to the control cultivation of winter garlic, without
cover crops, the effect of plants used for mulching on marketable yield was not observed. Garlic plants intercropped with the white mustard mulch formed leaves and bulbs of higher weight in comparison to cultivation without cover crops.

Keywords:

living mulch, moisture, porosity, density, water stability of soil aggregates

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Published
2017-12-31



Andrzej Sałata 
Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Live Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Hector Moreno-Ramon 
Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain
Sara Ibáñez-Asensio 
Department of Plant Production, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain
Halina Buczkowska 
Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Live Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Renata Nurzyńska-Wierdak 
Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Live Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Agata Witorożec 
Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Live Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Marzena Parzymies 
Department of Ornamental Plants and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland



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