ENHANCEMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT ABILITIES AND THE LIPOXYGENASE AND XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF BROCCOLI SPROUTS BY BIOTIC ELICITORS
Urszula Gawlik-Dziki
University of Life Sciences in LublinMichał Świeca
University of Life Sciences in LublinDanuta Sugier
University of Life Sciences in LublinAbstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) and Salix daphnoides bark (SD) water extracts were used for improving health-beneficial capacity of broccoli sprouts. The SC dilutions tested were 0.1, 0.5 and 1% (w/v), the SD concentration was 1% (w/v). Elicitation significantly modified the phenolics and flavonoid content, antiradical and chelating abilities, lipoxygenase (LOXI) and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity (XOI). SC proved to be a better elicitor at a low concentration of 0.1% inducing antiradical, LOXI, XOI activities of both – hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts. SD water extract effectively induced lipophilic compounds with XOI activity and hydrophilic compounds with LOXI and antiradical activity. In most cases better results were obtained after one step induction. In the light of proved data nutaceutical value of non-processed food (broccoli sprouts) could be effectively enhanced by elicitation.
Keywords:
broccoli, elicitors, phenolics compounds, antioxidants, inhibitionReferences
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Axelroad B., Cheesborough T.M., Laakso S., 1981. Lipoxygenases in soybeans. Methods Enzymol. 71, 441–451.
Bahorun T., Luximon-Ramma A., Crozier A., Aruoma O.I., 2004. Total phenol, flavonoid, proanthocyanidin and vitamin C levels and antioxidant activities of Mauritian vegetables. J. Sci. Food Agric. 84, 1553–1561.
Brand-Williams W., Cuvelier E., Berset C.M., 1995. Use of free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT. 28, 25–30.
Cervato G., Carabelli M., Gervasio S., Cittera A., Cazzola R., Cestaro B., 2000. Antioxidant properties of oregano (Origanum vulgare) leaf extracts. J. Food Biochem. 24, 453–65.
Cevallos-Casals B.A., Cisneros-Zevallos L., 2010. Impact of germination on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of 13 edible seed species. Food Chem. 119, 1485–1490.
Ferraz Filha Z.S., Vitolo I.F., Fietto L.G,. Lombardi J.A,. Saude-Guimaraes D.A., 2006. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of Lychnophora species from Brazil (“Arnica”). J. Ethnopharmacol. 107, 79–82.
Guo J-T., Lee H-L., Chiang S-H., Lin H-I., Chang C-Y., 2001. Antioxidant properties of the extracts from different parts of broccoli in Taiwan. J. Food Drug Anal. 9, 96–101.
Hodges D.M., Lester G.E., 2006. Comparisons between orange- and green fleshed non-netted and orange-fleshed netted muskmelons: Antioxidant changes following different harvest and storage periods. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 131, 110–117.
Hong J., Smith T.J, Ho C-T., August D.A., Yanga C.S., 2001. Effects of purified green and black tea polyphenols on cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase-dependent metabolism of arachidonic acid in human colon mucosa and colon tumor tissues Biochem. Pharmacol. 62, 1175–1183
Juntachote T., Berghofer E., 2005. Antioxidative properties and stability of ethanolic extracts of Holy basil and Galangal. Food Chem. 92, 193–202.
Kuziemski K., 2009. New insight into montelukast-antileukotriene drug. Forum Medycyny Rodzinnej 3, 5, 380–387.
Lin C.M., Chen C.S., Chen C.T., Liang Y.C., 2002. Molecular modeling of flavonoids that inhibits xanthine oxidase. Biochem. Biophyl. Res. Commun. 294, 167–172.
Low Dog T.L., 2006. A reason to season: the therapeutic benefits of spices and culinary herbs. J. Sci. Heal. 2, 446–449.
Maiga A., Malterud K.E., Diallo D., Paulsen B.S., 2006. Antioxidant and 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory activities of the Malian medicinal plants Diospyros abyssinica (Hiern) F. White (Ebenaceae), Lanella velutina A. Rich (Anacardiaceae) and Crossopteryx febrifuga (Afzel) Benth. Rubiaceae. J. Ethnopharm. 104, 132–137.
Martinez-Villaluenga C., Penas E., Ciska E., Piskula M.K., Kozlowska H., Vidal-Velverde C., Frias J., 2010. Time dependence of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity during germination of different cultivars of broccoli and radish seeds. Food Chem. 120, 710–716.
Moreno D.A., Carvajal M., López-Berenguer C., García-Viguera C., 2006. Chemical and biological characterization of phytonutrients from broccoli: A Review – J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 41, 1508–1522.
Randhir R., Lin Y-T., Shetty K., 2004. Stimulation of phenolics, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in dark germinated mung bean sprouts in response to peptide and phytochemical elicitors. Process Biochem. 39, 637–646.
Randhir R., Shetty P., Shetty K., 2002. L-DOPA and total phenolic stimulation in dark germinated fava bean in response to peptide and phytochemical elicitors. Process Biochem. 37, 1247–1256.
Re R., Pellegrini N., Proteggente A., Pannala A., Yang M., Rice- Evans C., 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free. Rad. Biol. Med. 26, 1231–1237.
Sadik C.D., Sies H., Schewe T., 2003. Inhibition of 15-lipoxygenases by flavonoids: structureactivity relation and mode of action. Biochem. Pharmacol. 65, 773–781.
Samaria J.K., 2004. Anti Leukotriene Drugs: Are They Really Useful? J. Indian Acad. Clin. Med. 5, 1, 41–43.
Satya Prasad N., Raghavendra R., Lokesh B.R., Akhilender Naidu K., 2004. Spice phenolics inhibit human PMNL 5-lipoxygenase. PLEFA. 70, 521–528.
Schewe T., 2002. 15-lipoxygenase-1: a prooxidant enzyme. Biol. Chem. 383, 3–4, 365–374.
Singleton V.L., Rossi J.A., 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics witch phosphomolybdicphodphotungstics acid reagents. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 16, 144–158.
Sweeney A., Wyllie S.G., Shalliker R. A., Markhan J.L., 2001. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of selected Australian native plants. J. Ethnopharmacol. 75, 273–277.
Umamaheswari M., Asokkumar K., Sivashanmungam A.T., Remyarayu A., Subhadredevi V., Ravi T.K., 2009. In vitro xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of the fraction of Erythrina stricta oxb. J. Ethnopharmacol. 124, 646–648.
Yamammoto S., Katsukawa M., Nakano A., Hiraki E., Nishimura K., Jisaka M., Yokota K., Ueda N., 2005. Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenases with reference to their selective inhibitiors. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 338, 122–127.
Urszula Gawlik-Dziki
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
Michał Świeca
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
Danuta Sugier
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
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