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Vol. 31 No. 4 (2022)

Articles

Capsicum annuum L. (bell pepper): A plant with unique bioactive compounds, nutraceutical and phytotherapeutic potential. A review

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/ah.2022.4.2
Submitted: October 10, 2022
Published: 2023-01-24

Abstract

Capsicum annuum L. from the Solanaceae family is the most used spice in the world, highly valued for its sharpness and unique flavor. In addition to its spice qualities, this plant also has valuable healing effects. The properties of bell pepper are mainly due to the presence of a complex of alkaloids called capsaicinoids, which give the fruit its specific characteristics: sharpness of taste and biological activity. There are also other ingredients beneficial to health in pepper fruits: carotenoids (provitamin A), vitamins C and E, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and minerals. The most important bioactive and unique component of pepper fruit is capsaicin, which is characterized by broad biological activity. Due to its presence, the fruits of spicy varieties are defined as the pharmacopoeia raw material (Capsici fructus). The rich complex of active compounds of bell pepper determines its antioxidant effect and other biological activities. Pepper fruits can be helpful with neurological, metabolic, cardiovascular and oncological diseases.

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