Abstrakt
Olejki lotne wykorzystywane są w przemyśle spożywczym jako dodatki aromatyzujące i przyprawy, w przemyśle perfumeryjnym i kosmetycznym oraz w celach leczniczych. Aromaterapia staje się coraz bardziej popularną dziedziną medycyny naturalnej. Bogaty skład chemiczny oraz wszechstronne właściwości lecznicze olejków eterycznych stwarzają szerokie możliwości zastosowania ich w celach profilaktycznych i terapeutycznych. Właściwości terapeutyczne olejków są bardzo różnorodne i związane najczęściej z działaniem składników dominujących. Związkami dominującymi są głównie monoterpeny, seskwiterpeny i fenylopropany. Aktywność biologiczna olejków eterycznych jest efektem działania poszczególnych składników dominujących lub synergistycznego działania kompleksu związków. Olejki działają drażniąco na skórę i błony śluzowe, drażnią i zabijają komórki drobnoustrojów wywołujących stany zapalne. Niektóre olejki wykazują aktywność przeciwdrobnoustrojową, spazmolityczną, antyoksydacyjną, przeciwnowotworową; inne działają wykrztuśnie, uspokajająco i nasennie, znieczulająco, moczopędnie, żółciopędnie i żółciotwórczo, pobudzają czynność żołądka i wydzielanie soków trawiennych. Olejki eteryczne mogą być brane pod uwagę jako potencjalne środki terapeutyczne i profilaktyczne, wspomagające leczenie konwencjonalne lub stosowane w ramach medycyny naturalnej.
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