Abstrakt
The relationship between soil and air temperature proved to be so significant that it can be used for the estimation of soil temperature on the basis of air temperature data. However, the soil - air temperature relations are affected by the season of the year, the type of ecosystem, as well as the type of weather and physical status of soil. The paper analyzed the effect of soil moisture on the strength of the relationship between the temperature of bare soil (at five depths from 1 to 20 cm) and air temperature (at 2 m height). On the basis of the data concerning the days without precipitation in some May - July periods, the regression equations for daily mean values of soil temperature with and without regard to the soil moisture data were determined. Two kinds of soil moisture data were examined: weight moisture in the top (0-5 cm) layer of soil and the volumetric water content in the layer above a given level of the the soil temperature measurement. It was stated that including soil moisture data more precise relationships were obtained (the determination coefficients of multiple regression equations increased by 4% at 1 cm depth to 10% at 20 cm in comparison to simple soil - air temperature relationships), and as a result the data of the soil temperature estimated from these regression equations were burdened with smaller errors. Moreover, similar accuracy of the estimated soil temperature values was noted when both kinds of soil moisture were used. It suggested that the weight moisture in only the top layer of soil can be successfully applied for the estimation of daily mean soil temperature within the whole arable layer on the basis of air temperature and soil moisture data. Thus, the results presented in the paper, although the materials were limited to the days without precipitation, show a methodical approach to complementation or extension of the observational data series.
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