Abstrakt
The raw material of medicinal plants should fulfill the growing demands of herbal and cosmetic industries about its quality esp.: active substance content, sufficient yield, lack of pesticides and heavy metals residues and microbiologically clean. There-fore, more often organic origin of herbal raw material is welcome. The main aim of the experiment was evaluation and comparison the value of lemon balm herb from organic and conventional cultivation. In 2008–2010, in the field experiment, the yield and quality of lemon balm herb in organic cultivation were tested. The experiment was established in four different locations in Poland. The following features were evaluated: fresh and dried herb yields, seed yield, weight of 1000 seeds, essential oil content and its composition and microbiological contamination. Lemon balm herb yield from organic experiments was lower compared with the yield from conventional cultivation. The content of essential oil in both organic and conventional herbs were similar. The content of essential oil and its composition of lemon balm herb did not depend on localization. The content of two, main oil compounds: neral and geranial was higher in the conventional herbs. The satisfied yield of lemon balm seeds was obtained in organic experiments. The investigated lemon balm raw materials were below the level of standard contamination for raw materials treated with hot water (A) according to European Pharmacopoeia 7.0.
Bibliografia
Abbaszadeh, B., Farahani, H.A., Valadabadi, S.A., Darvishi, H.H. (2009). Nitrogenous fertilizer influence on quantity and quality values of balm (Melissa officinalis L.). J Agri. Ext. Rural Dev., 1(1), 31–33.
Aziz, E., El-Ashry, S.M. (2009). Efficiency of slow release urea fertilizer on herb yield and essential oil production of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) plant. Am. Eur. J. Agric. Environ. Sci., 5 (2), 141–147.
Bocianowski, J., Szulc, P., Nowosad, K. (2015). Parallel coordinate plots of maize traits under different magnesium applications. J. Integr. Agricult., 14(3), 593–597. doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60852-2.
Brandt, K., Molgaard, J.P. (2001). Organic agriculture: does it enhance or reduce the nutritional value of plant foods? J. Sci. Food Agric., 18, 924–931.
Carnat, A.P., Carnat, A., Fraisse, D., Lamaison, J.L. (1998). The aromatic and polyphenolic composition of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L. subsp. officinalis) tea. Pharm. Acta Helv., 72, 301–305.
Cosge, B., Ipek, A., Gurbuz, G. (2009). GC/MS analysis of herbage essential oil from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) grown in Turkey. J. App. Biol. Sci., 3(2), 136–139.
Dachler, M., Pelzmann, H. (1999). Arznei- und Gewurzpflanzen. Agrarverlag Klosterneuburg.
European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2010). Council of Europe, Strasburg.
Herms, D.A., Mattson, W.J. (1992). The dilemma of plants: to grow or defend. Q. Rev. Biol., 67, 283–335.
Kabata-Pendias, A., Pendias, H. (1999). Biogeochemia pierwiastków śladowych. Wyd. Nauk. PWN, Warsaw.
Kazimierczak, R., Hallmann, E., Rembiałkowska, E. (2014). Effect of organic and conventional production systems on the content of bioactive substances in four species of medicinal plants. Biol. Agric. Hort., doi: 10.1080/01448765.2014.977948.
Kędzia, B. (1999). Badania nad zanieczyszczeniem surowców zielarskich drobnoustrojami. IRiPZ, Poznań.
Kozak, M., Bocianowski, J., Sakwojć, S., Wnuk, A. (2010). Call for more graphical elements in statistical teaching and consultancy. Biomet. Lett., 47(1), 57–68.
Kozak, M., Bocianowski, J., Rybiński, W. (2013). Note on the use of coefficient of variation for data from agricultural factorial experiments. Bulgar. J. Agricult. Sci., 19(4), 644–646.
Kozik, E., Golcz, A. (2011). Plant nutrients. In: Research Methods in Plant Sciences (vol. 3). Narwal, S., Politycka, B., Fengzhi, W., Sampietro, D. (eds). Studium Press LLC, Houston, 9–41.
Król, B. (2010). Melisa lekarska In: Uprawa ziół. Poradnik dla plantatorów, Kołodziej, B. (eds.). PWRiL, Poznań, 294–298.
Moradkhani, H., Sargsyan, E., Bibak, H., Naseri, B., Sadat-Hosseini, M., Fayazi-Barjin, A., Meftahizade, H. (2010). Melissa officinalis L., a valuable medicine plant: A review. J. Med. Plants Res., 25(4), 2753–2759.
Nowosielski, O. (1988). Fertilization recommendation in horticulture. PWRiL, Warsaw, 45–72.
Patora, J., Majda, T., Gora, J., Klimek, B. (2003). Variability in the content and composition of essential oil from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) cultivated in Poland. J. Endocrinol. In-vest., 26(10), 950–955.
Reneau, E. (2003). Growing essential crops organically: perspectives from frontier. Proceedings of 3rd National Small Farm Conference Albuquerque, New Mexico 17–20.09.2003, pp.13–19.
Saglam, C., Atakisi, I., Turhan, H., Kaba, S., Arslanoglu, F., Onemli, F., 2004. Effect of propagation method, plant density and age of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) herb and oil yield. New Zeal. J. Crop Hort. Sci., 32(4), 419–423.
Seidler-Łożykowska, K., Mordalski, R., Kucharski, W., Golcz, A., Kozik, E., Wójcik, J. (2009). Economic and qualitative value of the raw material of chosen species of medicinal plants from organic farming. Part I. Yield and quality of garden thyme herb (Thymus vulgaris L.). Acta Sci. Pol., Agricultura, 8(3), 23–28.
Seidler-Łożykowska, K., Mordalski, R., Kucharski, W., Kędzia, B., Bocianowski, J. (2014). Yielding and quality of lavender flowers (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) from organic cultiva-tion. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus, 13(6), 173–183.
Shapiro, S.S., Wilk, M.B. (1965). An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples). Biometrika, 52, 591–611.
VSN International (2014). GenStat Reference Manual (Release 17). VSN International, Hemel Hempstead, UK.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
