Przejdź do głównego menu Przejdź do sekcji głównej Przejdź do stopki

Tom 10 Nr 2 (2011)

Artykuły

COVER CROPS AND SOIL-BORNE FUNGI DANGEROUS TOWARDS THE CULTIVATION OF SALSIFY (Tragopogon porrifolius var. sativus (Gaterau) Br.)

Przesłane: 8 stycznia 2021
Opublikowane: 2011-06-30

Abstrakt

Salsify has a remarkable taste and nutritious values. It is a rich source of inulin – a glycoside which has a positive effect on human and animal organisms. The paper presents studies on the species composition of soil-borne fungi infecting the roots of Tragopogon porrifolius var. sativus cultivated with the use of oats, tansy phacelia and spring vetch as cover crops. In a field experiment the cover crops formed abundant green mass before winter and it constituted a natural mulch on the surface of the plough land. It was managed in two ways: 1) mixed with the soil as a result of spring ploughing, or 2) mixed with the soil as a result of pre-winter ploughing. The conventional cultivation of salsify, i.e. without cover crops, constituted the control. The studies established the number and health status of four-week-old salsify seedlings and roots with necrotic signs. A laboratory mycological analysis made it possible to determine the quantitative and qualitative composition of fungi infecting the underground parts of Tragopogon porrifolius var. sativus. The emergences and the proportion of infected salsify seedlings varied
and depended on the species of the mulching plant. The smallest number of infected seedlings was obtained after the mulch with oats, slightly more after the application of spring vetch or tansy phacelia as cover crops, and the most in the control. Regardless of the species of the mulching plant, the following were frequently isolated from the diseased seedlings and roots of salsify: Alternaria alternata, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium spp., Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum proved to be the most harmful towards the roots of salsify. The system of cultivation, i.e. performing spring or pre-winter ploughing, had no significant effect on the total population of fungi.

Bibliografia

Abdul-Baki A.A., Teasdale J.R., Korcak R., Chitwood D.J., Huettel R.N., 1996. Fresh market tomato production in a low-input alternative system using cover crop mulch. Hort. Sci. 31, 65–69.
Adamczewska-Sowińska K., 2004. Zastosowanie żywych ściółek w uprawie pomidora i papryki oraz ich wpływ następczy na plonowanie selera korzeniowego i marchwi jadalnej. Rozpr. hab., AR Wrocław, 131 pp.
Bending G.D., Lincoln S.D., 2000. Inhibition of soil nitrifying bacterial communities and their activities by glucosinolate hydrolisis products. Soil Biol. Biochem. 32, 1261–1269.
Biller Ch.R., Draper M., 2001. White mold of vegetables and ornamentals in the home garden. NDSU Extension Circular Rev. 701, 231–7881.
Błażewicz-Woźniak M., 2005. Effect of no-tillage and mulching with cover crops on yield parsley. Folia Hort. 17/2, 3–10.
Boumann D.T., Kropff M.J., Bastiaans L., 2000. Intercropping leeks to suppress weeds. Weed Res. 40, 359–374.
Dellavale G., Ciuffo M., Roggero P., Lisa V., Minuto A., Minuto G., Rapetti S., 1999. Tospoviruses in Delphinium sp., gazania, marguerite, celery, Tragopogon porrifolius and Solanum rantonnetii in Liguria (nothern Italy). Informatore Fitopatologico 49 (9), 63–64.
Erenstein O., 2002. Crop residue mulching in tropical and semi-tropical countries: An evaluation of residue availability and other technological implications. Soil and Tillage Res. 67, 115–133.
Hardenburg R.E., Watada A.E., Wang C.Y., 1986. Salsify. [In:] USDA Hndbk., 69 pp.
Hofer K., Jenewein D., 1999. Enzymatic determination of inulin in food and dietary suplements. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 209(6), 423–427.
Jamiołkowska A., Wagner A., 2003. Effect of field pea (Pisum arvense L.) as cover crop on fungal communities from soil environment of tomato and their influence on Fusarium oxysporum growth. Phytopathol. Pol. 30, 37–50.
Kęsik T., Błażewicz-Woźniak M., 2010. Indicators of soil aggregation and their changes in conservation tillage for onion. Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus, 9 (1), 73–85.
Kęsik T., Konopiński M., Błażewicz-Woźniak M., 2000. Weed infestation and field of onion and carrot under no-tillage cultivation using four cover crops. Annales AFPP, Dijon – France, 437–444.
Kierstan M.P.J., 1978. Production of fructose syrups from inulin-containing plants (Jerusalem artichoke, chicory, salsify extracts). Biotech. Bioeng. 20, 447–450.
Konopiński M., 1997. Wpływ zróżnicowanej przedsiewnej uprawy roli na niektóre właściwości fizyczne gleby, zachwaszczenie oraz plonowanie cebuli i buraka ćwikłowego. Część I. Fizyczne właściwości gleby. Annales UMCS, sec. Horticultura, V, 141–155.
Konopiński M., Kęsik T., Błażewicz-Woźniak M., 1999. Wpływ zróżnicowania wiosennej przedsiewnej uprawy roli pod warzywa na niektóre fizyczne właściwości gleby. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln. 466, 271–279.
Konopiński M., Kęsik T., Błażewicz-Woźniak M., 2001. Wpływ mulczowania międzyplonowymi roślinami okrywowymi i uprawy zerowej na kształtowanie wilgotności i zagęszczenia gleby. Acta Agrophys. 45, 105–116.
Kućmierz J., Bartyńska M., 1988. Preliminary investigations on the grey mould occurrence on roots of several carrot varieties and on the fungi isolated from them. Zesz. Probl. Nauk Rol. 374, 223–230.
Leary J., DeFrank J., 2000. Living Mulches For Organic Farming Systems. Hort. Technol. 10, 692–698.
Lemańczyk G., Sadowski Cz., 2002. Fungal communities and health status of roots of winter wheat cultivated after oats and oats mixed with other crops. Bio. Control 47, 349–361.
Lutomski J., 2001. Topinulin – pogoda dla zdrowia. Postępy fitoterapii. Wyd. Med., Borgis 5 (1/2001), 30–31.
Lüning H.U., Waiyaki B.G., Schlösser E., 1978. Role of saponins in antifungal resistance. Phytopathol. Z. 92, 338–345.
Masiunas J.B., 1998. Production of vegetables using cover crop and living-mulches – a review. J. Veget. Crop Prod. 4, 11–31.
Mencarelli F., 2007. Salsify. http://usna.usda.gov/hb66/125salsify.pdf.
Muller-Lemans H., 1991. Tragopogon porrifolius, die Haferwurzel – eine Literaturűbersicht. Gartenbauwissensshaft 2, 53–58.
Namesny-Vallespir A., 1996. Vegetables postharvest. Volume II – Bulbs, tubers, rhizomes. Compendio de Horticultura II, 294 pp.
Oktaba W., 1987. Metody statystyki matematycznej w doświadczalnictwie. PWN, Warszawa.
Patkowska E., Konopiński M., 2008a. Pathogenicity of selected soil-borne microorganisms for the seedlings of scorzonera (Scorzonera hispanica L.). Folia Hort. 20/1, 31–42.
Patkowska E., Konopiński M., 2008b. Pathogenicity of fungi colonising the soil after the cultivation of cover crops towards the seedlings of salsify (Tragopogon porrifolius var. sativus (Gaterau) Br.). Folia Hort. 20/2, 75–84.
Pięta D., Kęsik T., 2007. The effect of conservation tillage on microorganism communities in the soil under onion cultivation. EJPAU, Horticulture 10(1). http://www.ejpau.media.pl
Robertfroid M., 1993. Dietary fiber, inulin and oligofructose: a review comparing their physiological effects. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 33, 103–148.
Roe N.E., Stoffella P.J., Bryan H.H., 1994. Growth and yields of bell pepper and winter squash grow with organic and living mulches. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 119, 1193–1199.
Smolińska U., 2000. Survival of Sclerotium cepivorum sclerotia and Fusarium oxysporum chlamydospores in soil amended with cruciferous residues. J. Phytopathol. 148, 343–349.
Teeuwen H., Tone M., Vandorpe J., 1992. Inulin: A versatil ancient food ingredient rediscovered. International Food Ingredients 5, 10–14.
Thomas R., O’Sullivan J., Hamill A., Swanton C.J., 2001. Conservation tillage systems for processing tomato production. Hort. Sci. 36, 1264–1268.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Inne teksty tego samego autora

1 2 3 4 > >> 

Podobne artykuły

<< < 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 > >> 

Możesz również Rozpocznij zaawansowane wyszukiwanie podobieństw dla tego artykułu.