Przejdź do głównego menu Przejdź do sekcji głównej Przejdź do stopki
ASPHC Baner

Tom 18 Nr 2 (2019)

Artykuły

SECRETORY STRUCTURES AND ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION OF SELECTED INDUSTRIAL SPECIES OF LAMIACEAE

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2019.2.6
Przesłane: 12 kwietnia 2019
Opublikowane: 2019-04-12

Abstrakt

The objective of the study was to perform micromorphological analyses of the secretory structures of leaves and stems of oil-bearing industrial plants from the Lamiaceae family such as lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.), peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.), marjoram (Origanum majorana L., syn. Origanum dubium Boiss.), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and common thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) using light microscope and scanning electron microscope. In addition, an estimation of the content of volatile substances in the plant species under study was performed using GC-MS, as well as the qualitative and quantitative analysis of essential oil, that is an important component in terms of the estimation of raw material applicability for use in the industry. In the epidermal cells of studied plants, 2 types of Lamiaceae-type glandular trichomes were identified: short- and long-stalked capitate glandular trichomes with single- and bicellular secretory capitulum, and peltate glandular trichomes with eight- and over a dozen-cell secretory capitulum. Capitate trichomes were densely distributed on the surface of the epidermis, while peltate trichomes were sparse, though regular, and were situated in depressions. Glandular trichomes were found more frequently on leaves than on stems. The cuticle of the abaxial of leaf was characterized in most cases by the occurrence of larger average diameter peltate trichomes compared to the cuticle of the adaxial side of leaf. Peppermint produced the largest structures accumulating essential oil on the leaves (average diameter of peltate trichomes – 78.48 µm on the adaxial side of leaf, up to 96.43 µm), while on the stem, the highest average diameter of the peltate trichomes was observed in sage (an average of 75.53 µm, up to 85.99 µm). The lemon balm was characterized by the presence of capitate and peltate trichomes with the smallest diameter (an average of 44.26 µm). Lemon balm was characterized by the greatest density of glandular trichomes compared to other plant species. Among the plants studied, the highest content of oil was noted in the case of thyme and peppermint (2.22% and 2.20% v/w, respectively), and the lowest in green parts of lemon balm (0.17% v/w). The isolated essential oils contained predominantly components from the groups of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, and it is the presence of those substances that determines the possibility of utilizing the plants studied for a variety of purposes.

Bibliografia

  1. Adams, R.P. (2004). Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Allured Publishing Corporation, Ill., USA.
  2. Basta, A., Tzakou, O., Couladis, M. (2005). Composition of the leaves essential oil of Melissa officinalis s. l. from Greece. Flav. Fragr. J., 20, 642–644.
  3. Bekut, M., Brkić, S., Kladar, N., Dragović, G., Gavarić, N., Božin, B. (2018). Potential of selected Lamiaceae plants in anti(retro) viral therapy. Pharmacol. Res., 133, 301–314.
  4. Blažeković, B., Stanić, G., Vladimir-Knežević, S. (2006). Morphology, anatomy and phytochemistry of Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus pulegioides L. Farm. Glas., 62, 121–130.
  5. Bukowiecki, H., Furmanowa, M. (1972). Pharmaceutical botany. Państwowy Zakład Wydawnictw Lekarskich, Warszawa.
  6. Carović-Stanko, K., Petek, M., Grdiša, M., Pintar, J., Bedeković, D., Herak Ćustić, M., Satovic, Z. (2016). Medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae as functional foods – a review. Czech J. Food Sci., 34(5), 377–390.
  7. Choi, J.-S., Lee, N.Y., Oh, S.-E., Son, K.-Ch., Kim, E.-S. (2011). Developmental ultrastructure of glandular trichomes of Rosmarinus officinalis: secretory cavity and secretory vesicle formation. J. Plant. Biol., 54, 135–142.
  8. Dhifi, W., Bellili, S., Jazi, S., Bahloul, N., Mnif, W. (2016). Essential oils’ chemical characterization and investigation of some biological activities: a critical review. Medicines, 3, 25. DOI: 10.3390/medicines3040025.
  9. European Pharmacopoeia VIII (2015). European Pharmacopoeia 8.0. Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France.
  10. Fahn, A. (1988). Secretory-Tissues in Vascular Plants. New Phytologist., 108, 229–257.
  11. Franz, Ch., 1990. Sensorial versus analytical quality of marjoram. Herba Hung., 29, 79–86.
  12. Freire, M.M., Jham, G.N., Dhingra, O.D., Jardim, C.M., Barcelos, R.C., Valente, V.M.M. (2012). Composition, antifungal activity and main fungitoxic components of the essential oil of Mentha piperita L. J. Food Safety, 32, 29–36.
  13. Gershenzon, J., Dudareva, N. (2007). The function of terpene natural products in the natural world. Nat. Chem. Biol., 3, 408–414.
  14. Gershenzon, J., Maffei, M., Croteau, R. (1989). Biochemical and histochemical localization of monoterpene biosynthesis in the glandular trichomes of spearmint (Mentha spicata). Plant. Physiol., 89, 1351–1357.
  15. Glas, J.J., Schimmel, B.C., Alba, J.M., Escobar-Bravo, R., Schuurink, R.C., Kant, M.R. (2012). Plant glan-dular trichomes as targets for breeding or engineering of resistance to herbivores. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 13, 17077–17103.
  16. Glauert, A.M. (1974). Practical methods in electron microscopy, vol. 3. North Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam. American Elsevier Publishing, New York.
  17. Góra, J., Lis, A. (2017). The most valuable essential oils I. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, Łódź, Poland.
  18. Harley, R.M., Atkins, S., Budantsev, A.L., Cantino, P.D., Conn, B.J., Grayer, R.J., Harley, M.M., Kok, R.P.J., de, Krestovskaja, T.V., Morales, R., Paton, A.J., Ryding, P.O. (2004). Labiatae. In: The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol. VII, Kubitzki, K. (ed.), Kadereit, J.W. (volume ed.). Springer-Verlag, Berlin–Heidelberg, Germany, 167–275.
  19. Huang, S.S., Kirchoff, B.K., Liao, J.P. (2008). The capitate and peltate glandular trichomes of Lavandula pinnata L. (Lamiaceae): Histochemistry, ultrastructure, and secretion. J. Torrey Bot. Soc., 135, 155–167.
  20. ISO 9909. (1997). Oil of dalmatian sage (Salvia officinalis L.). International Organisation of Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland.
  21. ISO 856. (2006). Oil of peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.). International Organisation of Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland.
  22. ISO 19817. (2017). Essential oil of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus zygis L.), thymol type). International Organisation of Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland.
  23. ISO 1342. (2012). Essential oil of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). International Organisation of Standardisation, Geneva, Switzerland.
  24. Joulain, D., König, W.A. (1998). The atlas of spectral data of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. E.B. – Verlag, Hamburg.
  25. Kintzios, S.E. (2002). Profile of the multifaced prince of the herbs. In: Oregano: the genera Origanum and Lippia, Kintzios S.E. (ed.), 1st ed., Vol. 25. Taylor and Francis, London, 3–8.
  26. Kowalski, R., Wawrzykowski, J. (2009a). Effect of ultrasound-assisted maceration on the quality of oil from the leaves of thyme Thymus vulgaris L. Flav. Fragr. J., 24, 69–74.
  27. Kowalski, R., Wawrzykowski, J. (2009b). Essential oils analysis on dried materials and granulates obtained from Thymus vulgaris L., Salvia officinalis L., Mentha piperita L. and Chamommila recutita L. Flav. Fragr. J., 24, 31–35.
  28. Lange, B.M., Turner, G.W. (2013). Terpenoid biosynthesis in trichomes – Current status and future opportunities. Plant Biotechnol. J. 11, 2–22.
  29. Lis, A. (2017). The most valuable essential oils II. Wy-dawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, Łódź, Poland.
  30. Lossner, G. (1968). Der Majoran – phytochemisch betrachtet. Planta Med., 16, 54–57.
  31. Mckay, D.L., Blumberg, J.B.A. (2006). Review of the bioactivity and potential health benefits of peppermint tea (Mentha piperita L.). Phytother. Res., 20, 619–633.
  32. Metcalfe, C.R. (1957). Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Clarendon Press. Oxford.
  33. NIST/EPA/NIH (2005). Mass spectral library with search program (Data Version: NIST 08, Software Version 2.0f). National Institute of Standards and Technology.
  34. Novak, J., Bitsch, C., Langbehn, J., Pank, F., Skoula, M., Gotsiou, Y. (2000). Ratios of cis- and trans-sabinene hydrate in Origanum majorana L. and Origanum microphyllum. Syst. Ecol., 28, 697–704.
  35. Oberdieck, R. (1981). Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Analytik von Majoran (Majorana hortensis Moench.). Deutsch Lebensm. Rundsch., 77, 63–74.
  36. Ożarowski., A., Jaroniewski, W. (1989). Medicinal plants and their practical application. Instytut Wydawniczy Związków Zawodowych, Warszawa.
  37. Patora, J., Majda, T., Góra, J. (2003). Variability in the content and composition of essential oil from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) cultivated in Poland. Acta Polon. Pharm. – Drug Res., 60, 395–400.
  38. Pichersky, E., Gershenzon, J. (2002). The formation and function of plant volatiles: perfumes for pollinator attraction and defense. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 5, 237–243.
  39. Pimple, B.P., Patel, A.N., Kadam, P.V., Patil, M.J. (2012). Microscopic evaluation and physicochemical analysis of Origanum majorana Linn. leaves. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Dis., S897–S903.
  40. Polish Pharmacopoeia VI. (2002). The Republic of Poland, the Minister of Health, Warsaw, Poland.
  41. Polish Pharmacopoeia VIII. (2008). The Republic of Poland, the Minister of Health, Warsaw, Poland.
  42. Raina, A.P., Negi, K.S. (2012). Essential oil composition of Origanum majorana and Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum growing in India. Chem. Nat. Comp., 47, 1015–1017.
  43. Sagawa, T., Ikeda, H., Hiraoka, T., Hayakawa, K. (2013). Study of rosemary peltate glandular trichomes using combined morphological and chemical approach. Food Sci. Technol. Res., 19, 491–495.
  44. Serrato-Valenti, G., Bisio, A., Cornara, L., Ciarallo, G. (1997). Structural and histochemical investion of the glandular trichomes of Salvia aurea L. leaves, and chemical analysis of the essential oil. Ann. Bot., 79, 329–336.
  45. Sharifi-Rad, J., Sureda, A., Tenore, G.C., Daglia, M., Sharifi-Rad, M., Valussi, M., Tundis, R., Sharifi-Rad, M., Loizzo, M.R., Ademiluyi, A.O., Sharifi-Rad, R., Ayatollahi, S.A., Iriti, M. (2017). Biological activities of essential oils: from plant chemoecology to traditional healing systems. Molecules, 22, 70. DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010070
  46. Skoula, M., Harborne, J.B. (2002). The taxonomy and chemistry of Origanum. In: Oregano: the genera Origanum and Lippia, Kintzios S.E. (ed.), 1st ed., Vol. 25. Taylor and Francis, London, 67–108.
  47. Spychalski, G. (2013). Determinants of growing herbs in Polish agriculture. Herba Pol., 59(4), 5–18.
  48. Stahl-Biskup, E. (2002). Essential oil chemistry of the genus Thymus – a global view. In: Thyme: The genus Thymus L., Stahl-Biskup, E., Saez, F. (eds.), 1st ed., Vol. 24. Taylor & Francis, London–New York, 75–124.
  49. Svoboda, K.P., Svoboda, T.G. (2000). Secretory structures of aromatic and medicinal plants. A review and atlas of micrographs. Microscopix Publications, Kinghton, Powys, U.K.
  50. Tirillini, B., Ricci, A., Pellegrho, R. (1999). Secretion constituents of leaf glandular trichomes of Salvia offic- inalis L. J. Essent. Oil Res., 11, 565–569.
  51. Turner, G.W., Gershenzon, J., Croteau, R.B. (2000). Development of peltate glandular trichomes of peppermint. Plant Physiol., 124, 665–680.
  52. Turner, G., Gershenzon, J., Nielson, E.E., Froehlich, J.E., Croteau, R. (1999). Limonene synthase, the enzyme responsible for monoterpene biosynthesis in peppermint, is localized to leucoplasts of oil gland secretory cells. Plant Physiol., 120, 879–886.
  53. Uritu, C.M., Mihai, C.T., Stanciu, G.D., Dodi, G., Alexa-Stratulat, T., Luca, A., Leon-Constantin, M.M., Stefanescu, R., Bild, V., Melnic, S., Tamba, B.I. (2018). Medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae in pain therapy: a review. Pain Res. Manag., https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7801543.
  54. Van Den Dool, H., Kratz, P.D. (1963). A generalization the retention index system including liner temperature programed gas-liquid partition chromatography. J. Chromatogr., 11(2), 463–471.
  55. Vági, E., Simándi, B., Suhajda, Á., Héthelyi, É. (2005). Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of Origanum majorana L. extracts obtained with ethyl alcohol and supercritical carbon dioxide. Food Res. Inter., 38, 51–57.
  56. Zaouali, Y., Chograni, H., Trimech, R., Boussaid, M. (2013). Changes in essential oil composition and phenolic fraction in Rosmarinus officinalis L. var. typicus Batt. organs during growth and incidence on the antioxidant activity. Ind. Crop Prod., 43, 412–419.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Podobne artykuły

<< < 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 > >> 

Możesz również Rozpocznij zaawansowane wyszukiwanie podobieństw dla tego artykułu.