THE EFFECTS OF GRAFTING METHODS (BY HAND AND WITH MANUAL GRAFTING UNIT) AND GRAFTING TIMES ON PERSIMMON (Diospyros kaki L.) PROPAGATION

Hamdi Zenginbal

Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey



Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the effects of three different grafting periods (March 1, April 1 and May 1) and six grafting methods (tongue, splice, cleft grafting
by hand and cleft, wedge, omega grafting by three different manual grafting tools) on graft success and plant growth in persimmon sapling production. The experiment was carried
out in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Rize, Turkey during 2012–2013. The ‘Hachiya’ persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) were used for grafting scions. Two-year old Diospyros lotus L. seedling were used for rootstocks. In conclusion, graft take percentages varied from 21.7 to 81.7% in 2012, from 10.0 to 73.3% in 2013. Sprouting percentages varied from 11.7 to 73.3% in 2012, from 5.0 to 68.3% in 2013. These parameters, tongue and wedge grafting (with tool) performed on April 1 gave the highest results in both years. Graft shoot lengths varied from 38.6 to 65.7 cm in 2012, from 38.3 to 61.5 cm in 2013. Graft shoot diameters varied from 5.3 to 8.3 mm in 2012, from 5.5 to 7.8 mm in 2013. These parameters, splice grafting performed on April 1 gave the highest results in both years. In generally among all parameters the best type of grafting was tongue and wedge (with tool) grafting. The omega grafting with manual grafting tool gave the lowest results in all parameters. Grafting period on April 1 gave the highest results, May 1 gave the lowest results in all parameters.

Keywords:

Diospyros kaki, hand and tool grafting, field conditions, graft success

Aksoy, U. (1994). Present status and future prospects of underutilized fruit production in Turkey. CIHEAM Network on Underutilized Fruits, 7–10 November 1994, Zaragoza, Spain, 13, 97–107.
Bellini, E. (2002). Cultural practices for persimmon production. First Mediterranean Symposium on Persimmon. Zaragoza: CIHEAM. 23–24 November 2001, Faenza, Italy, 51, 39–52.
Chauhan, N., Ananda, S.A., Rana, A.S. (2007). Studies on propagation of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.). Haryana J. Hortic. Sci., 36(3–4), 236–238.
Çelik, H. (2000). The Effects of different grafting methods applied by manual grafting units on grafting success in grapevines. Turkish J. Agric. For., 24, 499–504.
Çelik, H., Boz, Y. (2003). Hand manual grafting units for grapevine propagation. Centenary Jubilee of the IVE-Pleven, Celebration and Scientific Workshop, 13–14 June 2002, SPS Print, 150–159 p.
Çelik, H., Zenginbal, H., Özcan, M. (2006). Effect of budding performed by hand and with manual grafting unit on kiwifruit propagation in the field. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 33(2), 57–60.
FAO (2014). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO database.
Hartmann, H.T., Kester, D.E., Davies Jr., F.T., Geneve, R.L. (2011). Plant Propagation: Principles and Practices. Eighth Edition. Regents/Prentice Hall International Editions, Englewood Cliffs,
New Jersey, 915 p.
Khademi, O., Zamani, Z., Poor Ahmadi, E., Kalantari, S. (2013). Effect of UV-C radiation on postharvest physiology of persimmon fruit (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) cv. `Karaj ́ during storage
at cold temperature. Intl. F. Res. J., 20(1), 247–253.
Kongsakulvatanasuk, K. (1987). Graft union development of bud grafting in persimmon (Diospyros sp.). Master’s Thesis, Kasetsart University, Bangkok (Thailand), 92 p.
Leakey, R.R.B., Newton, A.C. (1994). Domestication of tropical trees for timber and non-timber products. MAB Digest 17, UNESCO, Paris, France.
Miller, E.P., Crocker, T.E. (1994). Oriental Persimmons in Florida. Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. This document
is SP 101, 1–16 p.
Mishra, K.A. (1982). The vegetative propagation of persimmon. Sci. Hortic. (Netherlands), 17(2), 125–127.
Özcan, M. (2005). Persimmon Cultivation. HASAT Publishing, İstanbul, Turkey, 77 p.
Suriyapananont, V., Suriyapananont, S. (1997). Bud-unıon behavıor of persımmon cultıvar ‘Fuyu’ on Kluaı Rusı stock. Acta Hort., 436, 321–329.
Şeker, M., Kaynaş, K., Aktaş, Z. (2004). The phenological characteristics of local persimmon types selected in Çanakkale district. First Persimmon Cultivation and Marketing Symposium,
November 25–26, 2004, Ünye, Ordu, Turkey, 23–29.
TUMAS (2015). Turkey Meteorological Archive System, Climate Statistics. Ankara: Turkish State Meteorological Service Publications.
TUİK (2014). Prime Ministry Turkish Statistical Institute, Ankara.
Yordanov, A.I., Tabakov, S.G. (2009). Comparison of different methods of propagation of persimmon trees. Forth International Symposium on Persimmon, June 16, Firenze, Faenza, Caserta, Italy, 187–192.
Zheng, R., Zhang, Q., Luo, Z., Zhang, X., Wang, C. (2013). Application of Diospyros in Chinese landscape and study on its traditional culture. Fifth International Symposium on Persimmon,
October 20, 2012, Wuhan, China, 55–59.
Zenginbal, H., Özcan, M., Demir, T. (2006). An investigation on the propagation of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa, A. Chev.) by grafting under Turkey ecological conditions. Intl. J. Agri.
Res., 1(6), 597–602.
Download

Published
2015-08-31



Hamdi Zenginbal 
Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey



License

 

Articles are made available under the conditions CC BY 4.0 (until 2020 under the conditions CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Submission of the paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

The author signs a statement of the originality of the work, the contribution of individuals, and source of funding.

 


Most read articles by the same author(s)