BIOTIC ACTIVITY OF Phoma strasseri AND THE EFFECT OF THERMAL CONDITIONS ON THE GROWTH AND FORMATION OF THE PATHOGEN’S INFECTIOUS MATERIAL
Beata Zimowska
University of Life Sciences in LublinAbstract
Phoma strasseri was isolated first time from peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) in 2004. These species had not been found in Poland earlier. Biotic interactions between
P. strasseri and 16 species of fungi colonizing the phyllosphere of stems and rhizomes of peppermint were determined using the biotic series method and maltose agar MA. The effect of particular fungi species on P. strasseri was expressed as and individual, general and summary biotic effect. Fungi from genera Trichoderma were found out to be the most effective and positive antagonists whereas those of Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solani – despite the high values of IBE – were considered negative antagonists. Studies on the effect of thermal conditions pointed out that the thermal optimum for the growth of the fungus colonies ranged from 16oC to 28oC, while that for the formation of the infectious material from 24oC to 28oC. Basing on the ability of P. strasseri to
develop in a wide range of temperatures, it was included within the group of eurythermic organisms.
Keywords:
black stem and rhizome rot, eurythermic organism, phyllosphere fungi, peppermintReferences
Boerema G.H., De Gruyter J., Noordeloos M.E., Hamers M.E.C., 2004. Phoma identification manual. Differentiation of specific and infra-specific taxa in culture. CABI Publishing., 470 pp.
Chang K., Hwang S., Wang H., Turnbull G., Howard R., 2006. Etiology and biological control of sclerotinia blight of coneflower using Trichoderma species. Plant Pathol. J. 5 (1), 15–19.
De Gruyter J., Boerema G.H., Van der Aa, 2002. Contributions towards a monograph of Phoma (Coelomycetes) VI-2. Section Phyllostictoides: Outline of its taxa. Persoonia, 18, 1–53.
Fokkema N.J., 1995. Strategies for biocontrol of foliar fungus diseases. [In:] M. Mańka (ed.), Environmental Biotic Factors in Integrated Plant Disease Control. Proceedings of the 3rd Conference of European Foundation for Plant Pathology. Poznań, Poland, September 5–9, 1994.
Polish Phytopathology Society, 69–79, Poznań.
Kalra A., Singh H.B., Pandey R., Samad A., Patra N.K., Kumar S., 2004. Diseases in mint: causa organisms, distribution and control measures. J. Herbs Spices Med. Plants. 11, 71–91.
Łacicowa B., 1989. Niektóre aspekty wykorzystania grzybów z rodzaju Trichoderma i Gliocladium w biologicznej ochronie roślin. Ochrona Roślin, 3, 8–10.
Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., 1998. Antagonistic activity of epiphytic fungi from grape-vine against Botrytis cinerea Pers. Phytopathol. Pol. 16, 45–52.
Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., Zalewska E., 2004. Patogeniczność grzybów z rodzaju Fusarium dla tymianku właściwego (Thymus vulgaris L.). Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus 3(1), 115–123.
Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., Zalewska E., Król E., 2008. Biotic effect of caraway phyllosphere fungi on the pathogenic fungus Septoria carvi Syd. Herba Pol., 54, 3, 70–80.
Mańka K., 1974. Zbiorowiska grzybów jako kryterium oceny wpływu środowiska glebowego na choroby roślin. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln. 160, 9–23.
Mańka M., 1995. Non-pathogenic soil fungi reflecting soil environment. In: Mańka M. (ed.) Environmental Biotic Factors in Integrated Plant Disease Control. Proceedings of the 3rd Conference of European Foundation for Plant Pathology. Poznań, Poland, 5–9 September, 1994, 27–36.
Mańka K., Mańka M., 1992. A new method for evaluating interaction between soil inhabiting fungi and plant pathogens. IOBC/WPRS Bull., 16, 45–52.
Melouk H.A., Horner C.E., 1972. Production of pectolytic and macerating enzyme by Phoma strasseri. Can. J. Microbiol. 18, 1065–1072.
Papavizas G.C., 1985. Trichoderma and Gliocladium: biology, ecology and potential for biocontrol. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol., 23, 23–54.
Reuveni R., 1982. Fusarium equiseti – A new cause of cumin spice plant wilt in Israel. Plant Dis., 66, 498–499.
Roustaee A., Costes S., Dechamp-Guillaume G., Barrault G., 2000. Phenotypic variability of Leptosphaeria lindquistii (anamorph: Phoma macdonaldii), a fungal pathogen of sunflower. Plant Pathology, 49, 227–234.
Sandoval M.C., Falico L.M., Noelting M.C., Corcuera V.R., Cid P., Raggio G., 2006. Control strategy of Alternaria alternata Keissler pathogen of Coriandrum sativum L. with Trichoderma harzianum Rifai. Rev. Protec. Vegetal 21(1), 31–36.
Singh H.B., Srivastava S., Singh A., Katiyar R.S., 2007. Field efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum application on wilt disease of cumin caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini. J. Biol. Control. 21 (2), 317–319.
Vanniasingham V.M., Gilligan C.A., 1988. Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on germination of pycniospores of Leptosphaeria maculans in vitro. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 90, 415–420.
Zalewska E., Machowicz-Stefaniak Z. 2004. Patogeniczność grzybów z rodzaju Fusarium dla melisy lekarskiej (Melissa officinalis L.). Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 3(2), 33–39.
Zhao S., Shamoun S.F., 2006. Effects of culture madia, temperature, pH, and light on growth, sporulation, germination and bioherbicidal efficacy of Phoma exiqua, a potential biological control for salal (Gaulltheria shallon). Biocontrol Sci. Technol., 16 (10), 1043–1055.
Zimowska B., 2002. Wpływ warunków hodowli na wzrost, zarodnikowanie i tworzenie struktur morfologicznych przez Seimatosporium hypericinum (Ces.) Sutton. Acta Agrobot., 55, 1, 401–410.
Zimowska B. 2004. Biotic effect of phyllospheric fungi on the growth and development of Seimatosporium hypericinum (Ces.) Sutton. Electron. J. Pol. Agric. Univ., Ser. Horticultura, vol. 7, issue 2.
Zimowska B., 2007. Fungi colonizing and damaging different parts of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) cultivated in south-eastern Poland. Herba Pol. 53(4), 97–105.
Zimowska B., 2010. Characteristics of Phomopsis sclarea obtained from sage (Salvia officinalis). Biologia (Bratisl.), 65, 4, 603–608.
Zimowska B., Machowicz-Stefaniak Z., 2005. Charakterystyka izolatów Phoma strasseri nie notowanego w Polsce patogena mięty pieprzowej (Mentha piperita L.). Acta Agrobot., 58 (2), 151–162.
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
License
Articles are made available under the conditions CC BY 4.0 (until 2020 under the conditions CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Submission of the paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
The author signs a statement of the originality of the work, the contribution of individuals, and source of funding.
