Abstrakt
Capsicum annuum L. (papryka roczna) z rodziny Solanaceae jest najczęściej używaną przyprawą na świecie, wysoko cenioną ze względu na swoją ostrość i niepowtarzalny smak. Oprócz walorów przyprawowych roślina ta odznacza się także cennymi właściwościami leczniczymi, wynikającymi przede wszystkim z obecności kompleksu alkaloidów zwanych kapsaicynoidami, które nadają jej owocom specyficzne cechy: ostrość smaku oraz aktywność biologiczną. W owocach papryki znajdują się ponadto inne korzystne dla zdrowia składniki: karotenoidy (prowitamina A), witaminy C i E, flawonoidy, związki fenolowe i składniki mineralne. Najważniejszym i unikatowym składnikiem bioaktywnym owoców papryki jest kapsaicyna, odznaczająca się szeroką aktywnością biologiczną. Ze względu na jej obecność, owoce odmian o ostrym smaku definiowane są jako surowiec farmakopealny (Capsici fructus). Bogaty kompleks związków aktywnych papryki warunkuje jej działanie przeciwutleniające, a także inne aktywności biologiczne. Owoce papryki mogą być pomocne w chorobach neurologicznych, metabolicznych, sercowo-naczyniowych i onkologicznych.
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