Abstract
Results were obtained on the basis of environmental tests carried out in 2012 and 2016. Three hundred and eighteen soil sampling points were designated in the studied area, of which 249 on arable land and 69 on grassland (45 on very light soils, 103 on light soils, 101 on medium and 69 on heavy soils). In the collected soil samples, the granulometric composition was determined by laser method, pH in 1 mol KCl dm–3, available phosphorus and potassium by Egner-Riehm (DL) method, available magnesium after extraction from the soil using 0.0125 mol CaCl2 dm–3. The obtained results were evaluated on the basis of limit numbers being in force in Poland. It was found that in five districts (Biłgoraj, Parczew, Ryki, Świdnik, Tomaszów Lubelski), there was an increase in the share of acidic and very acidic soils in 2016, as compared to 2012. In other districts, this share decreased or remained unchanged. Despite the noted improvement in soil reaction between 2012 and 2016, the share of soils requiring necessary or needed liming decreased by only 4 p.p. from 36% in 2012 to 31,9% in 2016. At the same time, the share of soils with limited or unnecessary liming needs was similar in both research years (50%). The soil abundance in available forms of the studied macroelements (P, K, Mg) decreased in 2016 as compared to 2012. The increase in the share of soils with very low and low abundance in 2016 varied depending on the element and amounted to: 1 p.p. for phosphorus (increase from 27% in 2012 to 28% in 2016), 4.3 p.p. for potassium (46.1% – 2012, 50.4% – 2016), 6.4 p.p. for magnesium (54.9% – 2012, 61.3% – 2016). The increase in the share of soils with low and very low abundance in macroelements (P, K, Mg) in 2016 (compared to 2012) proves the need to introduce balanced fertilization with these components, taking into account the soil abundance and nutritional needs of cultivated plants.
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