THE  INFLUENCE  OF  GROWTH  REGULATORS   ON  DAHLIA  PROPAGATION  IN  TISSUE  CULTURE   AND  ACCLIMATIZATION  OF  PLANTS  IN  ex  vitro  CONDITIONS

Barbara Marcinek; Marzena Parzymies; Monika Poniewozik; Danuta Kozak; Wojciech Durlak

doi:10.24326/asphc.2019.5.5

Vol. 18 No. 5 (2019)

Articles

THE INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON DAHLIA PROPAGATION IN TISSUE CULTURE AND ACCLIMATIZATION OF PLANTS IN ex vitro CONDITIONS

Barbara Marcinek⁺⁻
Marzena Parzymies⁺⁻
Monika Poniewozik⁺⁻
Danuta Kozak⁺⁻
Wojciech Durlak⁺⁻

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2019.5.5
Submitted: October 28, 2019
Published: 2019-10-28

Abstract

The aim of work was to evaluate the influence of cytokinins on dahlia propagated in vitro and their consequent effect on acclimatization. Plant material were shoot tips and nodes. From three cytokinins, benzyladenine, kinetin and 2-isopentenyl-adenine, only BA effectively stimulated shoot multiplication from axiliary buds. The highest multiplication rate was obtained from nodes in presence of 0.25–0.5 mg·dm^–3BA. Higher concentrations shortened internodes and decreased leaf blades and growth of callus. 1 mg·dm^–3 of KIN and 2iP positively influenced shoots growth and size of leaves. Gibberellic acid (GA₃) used with BA increased the number of axillary shoots. The best quality shoots and the highest multiplication rate were obtained when 2 mg·dm^–3 BA was used with 5 mg·dm^–3GA₃. Cytokinins affected rooting and acclimatization ex vitro. Dahlias shoots multiplicated in presence of 1 mg·dm^–3 KIN or 2iP rooted faster in the soil and 100% survived in field, while those from 1 mg·dm^–3 BA media rooted slowly, had shorter shoots and only 60% survived. Plants bloomed after 11–12 weeks in the field. Dahlia plants that had been multiplicated in presence of KIN had a bigger diameter and fresh weight in the field. BA and 2iP positively influenced flowers diameter, length of flower stalk and a number of first order shoots.

References

Al-Mizory, L.S.M. (2013). Effect of different concentration of cytokinins, carbon source and agar on in vitro propagation of Dahlia sp. through one single node. J. Life Sci., 7(10), 1103–1112.
Dalda Şekerci, A., Gülşen, O. (2016). Overview of dahlia breeding. Sci. Papers Ser. B, Horticulture, 60, 199–204.
Fatima, B., Usman, M., Ashraf, T., Waseem, R., Ali, M.A. (2007). In vitro shoot regeneration from cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of dahlia cultivars. Pak. J. Agric. Sci., 44(2), 312–316.
Hernandez-Perez, F., Mejila-Munoz, J.M. (1994). Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis Cav.) micropropagation. Rev. Chapingo Ser. Hortic., 1(1), 63–66.
Hetman, J., Łukawska-Sudoł, S., Pudelska, K., Parzymies, M. (2017). The effect of cutting metod on footing of Dahlia pinnata Cav. cutting. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 16(2), 149–160.
Ibrahim, M.A., Daraj, I.A. (2015a). Micropropagation of dahlia plants Dahlia variabilis Wild (Desf.). Effect of explant and plant growth regulators on shoot regeneration and growth. Adv Agric. Bot., 7(1), 1–6.
Ibrahim, M.A., Daraj, I.A. (2015b). Micro propagation of dahlia plants (Dahlia variabilis). Direct and indirect organogenesis techniques. Adv. Agric. Bot., 7(1), 28–35.
Ibrahim, M.A., Daraj, I.A. (2015c). Effect of some treatments on seeds germination, shoots multiplication and rooting of dahlia plants via in vitro culture. Swed. J. Plant Biotechnol., 13–21. Website: www.sjpb.se.
Jiménez Mariña, L. (2015). El cultivo de la Dalia. Cultiv. Trop., 36(1), 107–115.
Ju, Z.X. (2007). Study on the technology of tissue culture and rapid reproducing of Dahlia pinnata F1. J. Anhui Agric. Sci., 35(21), 6374.
Otani, Y., Endo, C., Chin, D.P., Mii, M. (2013). Highly efficient system for plant regeneration from leaf and stem explants in Dahlia. Plant Biotechnol., 30(2), 141–146.
Pappu, H.R., Wyatt, S.D., Druffel, K.L. (2005). Dahlia mosaic virus: molecular detection and distribution in dahlia in the US. Hort. Sci., 40, 697–699.
Priyanka, R., Varghese, T.M., Yadav, N.R., Chowdhury, V.K., Chowdhury, J.B. (2001). In vitro studies in Dahlia variabilis. Ann. Agric. Bio. Res., 6(1), 9–13.
Pudelska, K., Hetman, J., Łukawska-Sudoł, S., Parzymies, M. (2015). The efficiency of mother crowns and quality of soft cuttings of a few dahlia cultivars. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus 14(6), 189–200.
Ren, G.H., Chen, J., Zhang, F.F., Yang, H.Y., Zhang, Y.L., Xu, B.L., Zhao, G.Y. (2012). On the technology of tissue culture and rapid reproduction of Dahlia pinnata [J]. J. Beihua Univ. (Nat. Sci.), 4. Available: http://en.cnki.com.cn/Journal_en/A-A000-ZLYY-2012-04.htm
Salman, M.A., Hamad, M.S., Al-Ahmer, S.M. (2010). In vitro propagation of Dahlia variabilis. Al-Anbar J. Agric. Sci., 8(1), 148–161.
Sediva, J., Novak, P., Kanka, J., Laxa, J. (2004) Micropropagation, detection and elimination of DMV in the Czech collection of Dahlia. Acta Hortic., 725, 495–498.
Sharma, H.P., Sinha, A.K., Nag, K.K. (2001). Callus induction and regeneration from shoot apex of Dahlia pinnata var. White alvas. In: Perspectives in biotechnology Procedings of national symposium, Warangal India, 26–27 February 1999. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, 121–124.
Shatilo, V.I. (1991). Some patterns of rhizogenesis in shoots of dahlia in vitro. Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada, 159, 72–75.
Shatilo, V.I., Keldysh, M.A., Morozova, S.E. (1991). Hormonal induction of organogenesis in culturing isolated apices of Dahlia. Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada, 159, 68−72.
Shivayogeppa, G., Dinakar Adiga, J., Prabhuling, G., Reddy, B.S., Sathyanarayana, B.N. (2008). Strategies for in vitro conservation of Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis L.). Acta Hortic., 865, 393–396.
Wadankar, G.D., Malode, S.N. (2012). In vitro regeneration of Dahlia cav. J. Global Biosci., 1, 28–41.
Wang, W.C., Tronchet, M., Larroque, N., Dorion, N., Albouy, J. (1988). Production of virus-free Dahlia by meristem culture and virus detection through cDNA probes and Elisa. Acta Hortic., 234, 421–428.
Wei, S.L., Li, P.M., He, Z.P., Han, B.W. (1990). Rapid propagation of monomerous stem by tissue culture of Dahlia pinnata Cav. Acta Agr Univ. Pekin., 16(4), 381–385.

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Keywords

micropropagation
cytokinins
gibberellic acid
tuberous plant

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[1] Al-Mizory, L.S.M. (2013). Effect of different concentration of cytokinins, carbon source and agar on in vitro propagation of Dahlia sp. through one single node. J. Life Sci., 7(10), 1103–1112.

[2] Dalda Şekerci, A., Gülşen, O. (2016). Overview of dahlia breeding. Sci. Papers Ser. B, Horticulture, 60, 199–204.

[3] Fatima, B., Usman, M., Ashraf, T., Waseem, R., Ali, M.A. (2007). In vitro shoot regeneration from cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of dahlia cultivars. Pak. J. Agric. Sci., 44(2), 312–316.

[4] Hernandez-Perez, F., Mejila-Munoz, J.M. (1994). Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis Cav.) micropropagation. Rev. Chapingo Ser. Hortic., 1(1), 63–66.

[5] Hetman, J., Łukawska-Sudoł, S., Pudelska, K., Parzymies, M. (2017). The effect of cutting metod on footing of Dahlia pinnata Cav. cutting. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 16(2), 149–160.

[6] Ibrahim, M.A., Daraj, I.A. (2015a). Micropropagation of dahlia plants Dahlia variabilis Wild (Desf.). Effect of explant and plant growth regulators on shoot regeneration and growth. Adv Agric. Bot., 7(1), 1–6.

[7] Ibrahim, M.A., Daraj, I.A. (2015b). Micro propagation of dahlia plants (Dahlia variabilis). Direct and indirect organogenesis techniques. Adv. Agric. Bot., 7(1), 28–35.

[8] Ibrahim, M.A., Daraj, I.A. (2015c). Effect of some treatments on seeds germination, shoots multiplication and rooting of dahlia plants via in vitro culture. Swed. J. Plant Biotechnol., 13–21. Website: www.sjpb.se.

[9] Jiménez Mariña, L. (2015). El cultivo de la Dalia. Cultiv. Trop., 36(1), 107–115.

[10] Ju, Z.X. (2007). Study on the technology of tissue culture and rapid reproducing of Dahlia pinnata F1. J. Anhui Agric. Sci., 35(21), 6374.

[11] Otani, Y., Endo, C., Chin, D.P., Mii, M. (2013). Highly efficient system for plant regeneration from leaf and stem explants in Dahlia. Plant Biotechnol., 30(2), 141–146.

[12] Pappu, H.R., Wyatt, S.D., Druffel, K.L. (2005). Dahlia mosaic virus: molecular detection and distribution in dahlia in the US. Hort. Sci., 40, 697–699.

[13] Priyanka, R., Varghese, T.M., Yadav, N.R., Chowdhury, V.K., Chowdhury, J.B. (2001). In vitro studies in Dahlia variabilis. Ann. Agric. Bio. Res., 6(1), 9–13.

[14] Pudelska, K., Hetman, J., Łukawska-Sudoł, S., Parzymies, M. (2015). The efficiency of mother crowns and quality of soft cuttings of a few dahlia cultivars. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus 14(6), 189–200.

[15] Ren, G.H., Chen, J., Zhang, F.F., Yang, H.Y., Zhang, Y.L., Xu, B.L., Zhao, G.Y. (2012). On the technology of tissue culture and rapid reproduction of Dahlia pinnata [J]. J. Beihua Univ. (Nat. Sci.), 4. Available: http://en.cnki.com.cn/Journal_en/A-A000-ZLYY-2012-04.htm

[16] Salman, M.A., Hamad, M.S., Al-Ahmer, S.M. (2010). In vitro propagation of Dahlia variabilis. Al-Anbar J. Agric. Sci., 8(1), 148–161.

[17] Sediva, J., Novak, P., Kanka, J., Laxa, J. (2004) Micropropagation, detection and elimination of DMV in the Czech collection of Dahlia. Acta Hortic., 725, 495–498.

[18] Sharma, H.P., Sinha, A.K., Nag, K.K. (2001). Callus induction and regeneration from shoot apex of Dahlia pinnata var. White alvas. In: Perspectives in biotechnology Procedings of national symposium, Warangal India, 26–27 February 1999. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, 121–124.

[19] Shatilo, V.I. (1991). Some patterns of rhizogenesis in shoots of dahlia in vitro. Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada, 159, 72–75.

[20] Shatilo, V.I., Keldysh, M.A., Morozova, S.E. (1991). Hormonal induction of organogenesis in culturing isolated apices of Dahlia. Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada, 159, 68−72.

[21] Shivayogeppa, G., Dinakar Adiga, J., Prabhuling, G., Reddy, B.S., Sathyanarayana, B.N. (2008). Strategies for in vitro conservation of Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis L.). Acta Hortic., 865, 393–396.

[22] Wadankar, G.D., Malode, S.N. (2012). In vitro regeneration of Dahlia cav. J. Global Biosci., 1, 28–41.

[23] Wang, W.C., Tronchet, M., Larroque, N., Dorion, N., Albouy, J. (1988). Production of virus-free Dahlia by meristem culture and virus detection through cDNA probes and Elisa. Acta Hortic., 234, 421–428.

[24] Wei, S.L., Li, P.M., He, Z.P., Han, B.W. (1990). Rapid propagation of monomerous stem by tissue culture of Dahlia pinnata Cav. Acta Agr Univ. Pekin., 16(4), 381–385.