Abstract
In Poland European goldenrod grows all over the country. The raw material of this species is herb characterised by diuretic, detoxifying, anti-inflammatory, and bile secretion enhancing properties. Pharmacological activity of European goldenrod results from the presence of many biologically active compounds, among which phenolic compounds are considered to be most valuable. In this work differences in accumulation of flavonoids and polyphenolic acids in the herb of European goldenrod from natural sites in central and eastern Poland were determined. Flavonoid content ranged from 600 to 1850 mg·100 g-1, and polyphenolic acids from 440 to 1200 mg·100 g-1. High content of these compounds was characteristic for the herb collected at the vegetative stage of plant development (in June). Chromatographic analysis (HPLC) showed the presence of three flavonoid compounds (hyperoside, rutin, and astragalin) and two polyphenolic acids
(rosmarinic and chlorogenic) in all studied populations. Rutin was the main compound in the flavonoid fraction. Its content ranged from 87.78 to 387.87 mg·100 g-1. The content of rosmarinic acid was higher than the content of chlorogenic acid (mean value: 577.52 and 267.03 mg·100 g-1, respectively).
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